Reproductive System (Wk 15 - Exam 4) Flashcards
Name the structure that’s labeled ‘A’
https://canvas.pasadena.edu/courses/1135576/files/77801154?module_item_id=16128486
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Seminal vesicles
How would the removal of the ‘A’ structure impact semen?
- Decrease volume of semen
- No more fructose for semen to gain energy
Which type of cell develops Testosterone in the Testes?
Leydig cells
What are Testes and their functions?
- Gonads that make
gametes and sex hormones - Testosterone production
What is a sperm?
Gamete
What’s the function of Sertoli cells ?
Helps sperm cells while
they finish spermatogenesis
What are Seminiferous tubules ?
Tubules where sperm are made
What is the function of Rete testis?
Network of tubules that
transport sperm to efferent ducts
What is the function of Efferent ductules?
Moves sperm from testis to epididymis
What is Epididymis? What does it do?
- Coiled tube connected to
the posterior side of testis - Storage for sperm until it’s ejaculated
What is Scrotum? What is its function?
- External pouch of skin and
muscle that houses the testes - cooler temperature for sperm to be made
What are Cremaster muscles and its functions?
Raises and lower
testes as a way to respond to temperature changes
What is the Dartos muscle’s function?
Wrinkles the skin of the
scrotum as a way to respond temperature changes
What is Pampiniform plexus and its function?
A network of
veins that cool down arterial blood
What is Spermatic cord and its function?
A bundle (collection) of nerves and
blood vessels that supplies the testes
What is Ductus deferens & its function?
A muscular tube that moves sperm from epididymis
─ In the spermatic cord
What is Ejaculatory duct’s function?
Transfers sperm from
the Ductus deferens to the Urethra
What is Urethra & its function?
Muscular tube that moves
sperm and urine outside of the body
What are the male accessory sex glands?
- Seminal vesicles
- Prostate
- Bulbourethral glands
What is semen?
- Thick, milky fluid that’s released, when the penis ejaculates sperm
- 95% fluid & 5% semen
What are Seminal vesicles ?
Pair of glands that are posterior to urinary bladder
─ 60-75% of semen volume
─ Has fructose (energy) for sperm
What is Prostate and its function?
Gland at base of bladder that’s around the Urethra
─ 30% of semen volume
─ thickens then liquifies semen
Where are the Bulbourethral glands and its functions?
Posterior to the urethra
─ produces pre-ejaculate
─ cleans and lubricates Urethra
What is a Penis?
Male organ used for sexual intercourse
What is the Glans penis?
Distal end of penis that has several nerve endings
What is Prepuce & its function?
Flap of skin that defends
and lubricates the Glans penis
What are the Corpora cavernosa ?
Columns of erectile tissue in dorsal penis
What is the Corpus spongiosum ?
Column of erectile tissue around urethra
Penile erections result from more
blood flowing __ than flowing ___.
In and out
What are Ovaries & its functIons?
Ovaries are gonads that make gametes
and sex hormones:
- Creates estrogen & progesterone
What is Ovarian follicle?
Made of one oocyte and surrounding cells
What is Oocyte?
A gamete in female body
What do Theca cells create?
Androgens
What are the Granulosa cells’ function?
Granulosa cells change androgens
from theca cells to estrogens
What are the Uterine tubes’ functions?
Transfer ovulated oocytes from ovary to uterus
─ normal site of fertilization
─ 4-6 days for egg to reach uterus
─ does not fully surround ovary
What are Fimbriae ?
Fimbriae are projections (bulges) that sweep
oocytes into uterine tubes
What is a Uterus?
Hollow (empty), muscular organ
that gives support to the developing fetus
– Sits anterior to urinary bladder
What is the Perimetrium in the Uterus?
Outer layer of loose
connective tissue and epithelium
What is the Myometrium of the Utertus?
Middle layer of
smooth muscle
– labor and expulsion(removal) of menses (“blood and other matter discharged from the uterus at menstruation”)
What is the Endometrium of the Uterus?
Inner epithelial layer
where fertilized egg implants
– shed during menstruation
What is the Vagina?
Muscular tube linking the
uterus to external genitalia
─ stratified squamous epithelium
─ used for menses, semen, and birth
─ contains lactic acid bacteria
What is the Vaginal rugae’s function?
Lets the vagina to expand
during intercourse and childbirth
What is the Vulva?
Collective term for external
female genitalia
What is the Mons pubis ?
Mound of fatty tissue
located at the front of the vulva
What is the Labia majora ?
Hair-covered folds of skin surrounding vaginal opening
What are Labia minora ?
Thin, pigmented,
hairless inner folds
What is the Clitoris?
Clitoris is nerve-rich area that
contributes to sexual sensation
