The Brain & Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

Where is cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) made?

Answer 1

Choroid plexus

Question 2

What are the different chambers that let cerebral spinal fluid to flow throughout the brain?

Answer 2

Lateral Ventricle, Third Ventricle, Cerebral aqueduct, & Fourth Ventricle ?

Question 3

Where is CSF returned to the bloodstream?

Answer 3

Arachnoid villi ?

Question 4

Why does the Lizard Brain need to have a brainstem & cerebellum?

Answer 4

Autopilot Fight & Flight

Question 5

What is the difference between a gyrus and a sulcus?

Answer 5

• Gyrus = Ridge made from cerebral cortex’s folding
• Sulcus = Valley made from cerebral cortex’s folding

Question 6

Name the brain landmarks that divide the brain structures:

Answer 6

• R & L Hemispheres: Longitudinal fissure
• Frontal & parietal lobes: Central Sulcus
• Frontal, parietal, & temporal lobes: Lateral sulcus

Question 7

Name the major motor areas of cerebral cortex

Answer 7

1. Premotor cortex = Picks & makes movement plans
2. Supplementary cortex = Arranges complex movements
3. Primary motor cortex = “Makes signals to direct the movement of the body”

Question 8

Name the major sensory areas of cerebral cortex

Answer 8

1. Primary somatosensory cortex = Gets info on general senses
2. Primary visual cortex = Gets basic visual info from eyes
3. Primary auditory cortex = Gets sound info from inner ear
4. Primary gustatory cortex = Gets taste info from tongue
5. Primary olfactory cortex = Gets info about smell from nose

Question 9

Name the major association areas of cerebral cortex

Answer 9

1. Somatosensory association area = Interprets general body senses
2. Auditory association area = Interprets meaning of sounds
3. Visual association area = Interprets visual images
4. Prefrontal cortex = For planning, personality, & social behavior
5. Broca’s area = (In frontal lobe) For language production
6. Wernicke’s area = (In temporal lobe) For language comprehension

Question 10

List the Limbic system’s 3 components

Answer 10

1. Amygdala = “For fear & emotional reactions to stimuli”
2. Hippocampus = Makes & stores new memories
3. Cingulate gyrus = Connects behavior with motivation, emotion, & memory

Question 11

What are the 4 major white matter regions & what do they connect?

Answer 11

1. Association fibers = Connects regions in same hemisphere (Links L & R frontal lobe)
2. Commissural fibers = Connects L & R cerebral hemispheres
3. Projection fibers = Connects cerebrum & lower brain regions
4. Corpus callosum = Connects L & R hemispheres

Question 12

The hypothalamus is the link between what two major organ systems?

Answer 12

Endocrine & Nervous systems

Question 13

The cerebellum has more grey or white matter? Think on why this might be the case.

Answer 13

More grey matter, since it has to process lots of info for:
- Movement
- muscle control
- memory
- language processing
- balance

Question 14

What is the general function of nuclei in the brainstem?

Answer 14

• Pons = Controls bladder & respiration
• Midbrain = Responds to auditory & visual stimuli

Question 15

Name one thing the somatic motor division controls.

Answer 15

Voluntary body movements

Question 16

Name one thing the autonomic division controls.

Answer 16

Heart rate

Question 17

What are the three systems within the autonomic nervous division?

Answer 17

Parasympathetic, Sympathetic, & Enteric

Question 18

What are the three target tissues for the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 18

1. Glands
2. Smooth muscle
3. Cardiac muscle

Question 19

How does the white communicans differ from the grey communicans?

Answer 19

• White ramus communicans = moves preganglionics to sympathetic chain
• Grey ramus communicans = moves postganglionics to spinal nerve

Question 20

How can the same neurotransmitter result in an excitatory or inhibitory signal?

Answer 20

“can have different effects depending on the intracellular”

Muscarinic receptors (depends on where the receptor is linked to) ?

Question 21

Name the Central region of the brain for homeostasis and relaying signals

Answer 21

Diencephalon

Question 22

Name the Inferior, posterior region of the brain for motor learning and control

Answer 22

Cerebellum

Question 23

Name the lobe that’s involved in vision

Answer 23

Occipital lobe

Question 24

Name the lobe Involved with sound, memory, and language

Answer 24

Temporal lobe

Question 25

Which association area interprets general body senses?

Answer 25

Somatosensory association area

Question 26

Name the Region for planning, personality, and social behavior

Answer 26

Prefrontal cortex

Question 27

Which fiber connects left and right cerebral hemispheres

Answer 27

Commissural fibers

Question 28

What links behavior with motivation, emotion, and memory?

Answer 28

Cingulate gyrus

Question 29

When the muscles around your pupils receive sympathetic impulses.

Answer 29

Your pupils will dilate, letting in more light

Question 30

When your salivary glands receive parasympathetic impulses.

Answer 30

You’ll produce more saliva ?

Question 31

When your cardiac muscle receives sympathetic impulses.

Answer 31

Your heart muscles will contract with more force ?

Question 32

When the glands in your stomach receive parasympathetic impulses.

Answer 32

Your stomach will produce more stomach acid.?

Question 33

When the smooth muscle around your large intestine receives sympathetic impulses.

Answer 33

Your intestinal muscles will stop moving fecal matter through your gastrointestinal
system. ?