Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy & Physiology > Urinary System Pt. 2 > Flashcards

Urinary System Pt. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How do the kidneys receive blood?

A

Through their renal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do renal artery segments divide into?

A

Segmental arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where do interlobar arteries radiate towards within the kidney?

A

Towards the renal columns between the pyramids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do arcuate arteries supply, and where do they arch?

A

Arcuate arteries supply the cortex and medulla boundary, arching along it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the role of cortical radiate arteries?

A

They deliver blood to capillaries supplying individual nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the path of blood after it goes through the capillaries in the nephron?

A

It goes into the cortical radiate veins, then into the arcuate veins, and finally into the interlobar veins, which connect to the renal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How are the kidneys innervated by renal nerves?

A

Renal nerves follow the renal arteries to reach individual nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does sympathetic innervation influence urine formation?

A

It adjusts the rates of urine formation by changing blood flow at the nephron and influences urine composition by stimulating the release of renin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the role of nephrons in the kidneys?

A

Nephrons are the smallest structures that carry out all of the system’s functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two main components of a nephron?

A

Renal corpuscle and renal tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the renal corpuscle.

A

It is a spherical structure containing a capillary network that filters blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the renal tubule?

A

A long, tubular passageway that begins at the renal corpuscle and empties into the collecting system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How big is the glomerular capsule in the renal corpuscle?

A

It has a diameter of 150-250 micrometers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What structures make up the filtration membrane in the renal corpuscle?

A

Fenestrated endothelium, the basement membrane, and the foot processes of podocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens during filtration in the renal corpuscle?

A

Blood pressure forces water and small dissolved solutes out of the glomerular capillaries through the filtration membrane and into the capsular space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the filtrate in the context of the renal corpuscle?

A

The fluid and dissolved solutes forced out of the blood during filtration

17
Q

How does the renal tubule begin after the renal corpuscle?

A

With the proximal convoluted tubule

18
Q

How does the nephron loop follow the proximal convoluted tubule?

A

It consists of a descending limb and an ascending limb

19
Q

What is the purpose of the distal convoluted tubule?

A

To further process the filtrate

20
Q

What is the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the nephron?

A

A region where the distal convoluted tubule contacts the afferent and efferent arterioles

21
Q

What is filtration in the context of the nephron?

A

The process of forcing blood through the filtration membrane in the renal corpuscle

22
Q

Describe the components of the filtration membrane in the renal corpuscle.

A

It consists of fenestrated endothelium, the basement membrane, and the foot processes of podocytes

23
Q

What type of substances can pass through the filtration membrane into the capsular space?

A

Water and small dissolved solutes

24
Q

What is the filtrate in the context of blood filtration?

A

The fluid and dissolved solutes that are forced out of the blood during filtration

25
Q

What does the filtration process do to blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries?

A

It increases the blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries

26
Q

What is the primary force for glomerular filtration?

A

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure

27
Q

What is the colloid osmotic pressure of the glomerular capillaries?

A

It opposes filtration

28
Q

How do capsular hydrostatic pressure and colloid osmotic pressure affect filtration?

A

They decrease filtration by opposing the glomerular hydrostatic pressure

29
Q

What is the net filtration pressure in the glomerular capillaries?

A

The difference between glomerular hydrostatic pressure and the sum of capsular hydrostatic pressure and colloid osmotic pressure

30
Q

What is the approximate GFR (glomerular filtration rate) in a typical person?

A

125 ml/min

Anatomy & Physiology (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions