Urinary system chp 32

Question 1

Urinary system

Answer 1

responsible for production and elimination of urine

Question 2

What are 4 organs of urinary system?

Answer 2

Kidney (production of urine)
Ureter (tube from kidney to bladder)
Bladder (store urine)
Urethra (tube from bladder to outside of body)

Question 3

Kidney

Answer 3

right and left, bean-shaped, post abd cavity on either side of vertebral column
Right lower d/t mass of liver above it 
Lateral border is convex
Medial border is concave
Upper end = superior pole (adrenal gland)
Lower end = inferior pole
Cortex = periphery
Medulla = internal

Question 4

Hilus

Answer 4

on concave medial border, where all structures entering/leaving kidney passes
marks entrance into cavity = renal sinus

Question 5

Ureter

Answer 5

2 muscular tubes, takes urine from renal pelvis to urinary bladder, 25 cm long, descend along post abd wall, cross bifurcation of common iliac artery, turn medially towards bladder
courses thru muscular wall of bladder and opens into cavity

Question 6

Urinary Bladder

Answer 6

musculomembranous sac that acts as reservoir for urine - in pelvis, resting on pubis

Question 7

2 parts of muscular wall of bladder

Answer 7

trigone - btw 2 openings of ureter and internal urethral orifice
detrusor - remainder of bladder

Question 8

Urethra

Answer 8

fibromuscular tube, drains urinary bladder, extends from internal urethral orifice to outside body

Question 9

Flow of sperm

Answer 9

Testes (scrotum), Epididymis, Ductus deferens, Ejaculatory duct, Prostate gland, Urethra, Penis

Question 10

Testes (2) / Testis (1)

Answer 10

Male gonad, contains many seminiferous tubules (fxn in production of male sex cell = sperm/spermatozoa, and hormone testosterone)
external to abd cavity in scrotum (skin pouch)
sperm leave seminiferous tubules via efferent ducts and pass to epididymis

Question 11

Spermatogenesis

Answer 11

production of sperm - occurs at slightly less than body temp, hence location external to abd cavity

Question 12

Epididymis

Answer 12

C-shaped structure located on the post surface of each testis, receives sperm from testis and stores it until ejaculation

Question 13

Ductus Deferens (Vas deferens)

Answer 13

begins at epididymis, lengthy course w in spermatic cord, thru inguinal canal, along sup bladder, and inf along post bladder
join duct of seminal vesicle forming ejaculatory duct (terminates here)

Question 14

Spermatic Cord

Answer 14

formed collectively by ductus deferens, and associated arteries and veins
asc thru scrotum to inguinal ring

Question 15

Inguinal Canal

Answer 15

opening in external oblique muscle where spermatic cord passes

Question 16

Seminal Vesicles

Answer 16

exocrine, on post bladder
produce seminal fluid added to sperm
1 of 3 accessory glands that produce fluid
drained by duct of seminal vesicle

Question 17

Ejaculatory Duct

Answer 17

formed by union of ductus deferens and duct of seminal vesicle, union occurs post to bladder, above prostate, enters substance of prostate gland

Question 18

Prostate Gland

Answer 18

2nd accessory gland, secretes seminal fluid, adds to what is produced by seminal vesicles
located in pelvis post to pubis, below bladder
Within substance here, 2 ejaculatory ducts join w duct draining bladder to form urethra

Question 19

Urethra

Answer 19

fibromuscular tube, from prostate thru urogenital diaphragm (skeletal muscle btw rt/left ischiopubic rami) then thru penis to outside of body

Question 20

What 2 things does the Urethra “carry”

Answer 20

Urine during urination and sperm during ejaculation

Question 21

3 subdivisions of urethra:

Answer 21

Prostatic urethra - traverses prostate
Membranous urethra - traverses urogenital diaphragm
Spongy urethra - traverses penis

Question 22

Bulbourethral Glands

Answer 22

2, small, exocrine, on either side of midline within substance of urogenital diaphragm
3rd accessory gland
ducts draining this empty additional seminal fluid directly thru spongy urethra

Question 23

Penis

Answer 23

male external genital organ involved in sexual intercourse, urethra passes thru it
3 longitudinal connective tissues, filled w blood spaces = venous sinuses - fill w blood resulting in erection

Question 24

Corpora Cavernosa

Answer 24

2 of them, venous sinuses only

Question 25

Corpus Spongiosum

Answer 25

venous sinuses and spongy urethra

Question 26

Course of Ova:

Answer 26

Ovaries, Uterine tubes, Uterus

Question 27

Ovary

Answer 27

female gonad, contains many follicles = produce female sex cell (Ovum), and hormones Estrogen and Progesterone

Question 28

Uterine tube (Fallopian tube or Oviduct)

Answer 28

2, from fimbriae in ovary, to uterus (tube attaches to lateral wall)
Conveys released ovum from ovary toward uterus

Question 29

Fertilization

Answer 29

occurs in uterine tube, if no fertilization occurs, ovum degenerates in tube

Question 30

Uterus

Answer 30

organ w extremely thick muscular wall, expands w developing fetus, in pelvis on sup bladder
Fundus - above opening of uterine tubes
Body - main mass, extends post to constriction called isthmus
Isthmus - constricted part btw body and cervix
Cervix - opens into vagina, palpated thru vagina

Question 31

Vagina

Answer 31

canal extending from cervix of uterus inf to vestibule of vagina
ant to rectum, post to urinary bladder
separate and distinct canal from urethra
involved in sexual intercourse

Question 32

Hymen

Answer 32

membranous fold that causes partial closure in vestibule of vagina

Question 33

Greater Vestibular Glands

Answer 33

2, small, ovoid, on lateral wall of vagina, just inside vestibule, ducts draining these open into vestibule, compressed during intercourse secreting lubricant mucous

Question 34

Labia Minora

Answer 34

2 small folds of skin (inner) on either side of vestibule, usually hidden by labia majora

Question 35

Labia Majora

Answer 35

2 elongated folds of skin, extends post from pubis, outer surface covered w coarse hair, inner surface is smooth