Urinary system chp 32 Flashcards
Urinary system
responsible for production and elimination of urine
What are 4 organs of urinary system?
Kidney (production of urine)
Ureter (tube from kidney to bladder)
Bladder (store urine)
Urethra (tube from bladder to outside of body)
Kidney
right and left, bean-shaped, post abd cavity on either side of vertebral column Right lower d/t mass of liver above it Lateral border is convex Medial border is concave Upper end = superior pole (adrenal gland) Lower end = inferior pole Cortex = periphery Medulla = internal
Hilus
on concave medial border, where all structures entering/leaving kidney passes
marks entrance into cavity = renal sinus
Ureter
2 muscular tubes, takes urine from renal pelvis to urinary bladder, 25 cm long, descend along post abd wall, cross bifurcation of common iliac artery, turn medially towards bladder
courses thru muscular wall of bladder and opens into cavity
Urinary Bladder
musculomembranous sac that acts as reservoir for urine - in pelvis, resting on pubis
2 parts of muscular wall of bladder
trigone - btw 2 openings of ureter and internal urethral orifice
detrusor - remainder of bladder
Urethra
fibromuscular tube, drains urinary bladder, extends from internal urethral orifice to outside body
Flow of sperm
Testes (scrotum), Epididymis, Ductus deferens, Ejaculatory duct, Prostate gland, Urethra, Penis
Testes (2) / Testis (1)
Male gonad, contains many seminiferous tubules (fxn in production of male sex cell = sperm/spermatozoa, and hormone testosterone)
external to abd cavity in scrotum (skin pouch)
sperm leave seminiferous tubules via efferent ducts and pass to epididymis
Spermatogenesis
production of sperm - occurs at slightly less than body temp, hence location external to abd cavity
Epididymis
C-shaped structure located on the post surface of each testis, receives sperm from testis and stores it until ejaculation
Ductus Deferens (Vas deferens)
begins at epididymis, lengthy course w in spermatic cord, thru inguinal canal, along sup bladder, and inf along post bladder
join duct of seminal vesicle forming ejaculatory duct (terminates here)
Spermatic Cord
formed collectively by ductus deferens, and associated arteries and veins
asc thru scrotum to inguinal ring
Inguinal Canal
opening in external oblique muscle where spermatic cord passes
Seminal Vesicles
exocrine, on post bladder
produce seminal fluid added to sperm
1 of 3 accessory glands that produce fluid
drained by duct of seminal vesicle
Ejaculatory Duct
formed by union of ductus deferens and duct of seminal vesicle, union occurs post to bladder, above prostate, enters substance of prostate gland
Prostate Gland
2nd accessory gland, secretes seminal fluid, adds to what is produced by seminal vesicles
located in pelvis post to pubis, below bladder
Within substance here, 2 ejaculatory ducts join w duct draining bladder to form urethra
Urethra
fibromuscular tube, from prostate thru urogenital diaphragm (skeletal muscle btw rt/left ischiopubic rami) then thru penis to outside of body
What 2 things does the Urethra “carry”
Urine during urination and sperm during ejaculation
3 subdivisions of urethra:
Prostatic urethra - traverses prostate
Membranous urethra - traverses urogenital diaphragm
Spongy urethra - traverses penis
Bulbourethral Glands
2, small, exocrine, on either side of midline within substance of urogenital diaphragm
3rd accessory gland
ducts draining this empty additional seminal fluid directly thru spongy urethra
Penis
male external genital organ involved in sexual intercourse, urethra passes thru it
3 longitudinal connective tissues, filled w blood spaces = venous sinuses - fill w blood resulting in erection
Corpora Cavernosa
2 of them, venous sinuses only
