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Anatomoy 3 > Thoracic Wall chp 23/mediastinum chp 24 > Flashcards

Thoracic Wall chp 23/mediastinum chp 24 Flashcards

1
Q

Sternum (breast bone)

A

Flat bone, anterior midline of thorax. Consists of manubrium, body, xiphoid process

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2
Q

Manubrium

A

Superior sternum, jugular notch, articulates w first 2 costal cartilage and clavicles

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3
Q

Body

A

middle sternum, long, narrow, thin, articulates w cc of ribs 2-7, has sternal angle (imp landmark for counting ribs)

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4
Q

Xiphoid process

A

small, variable, inferior sternum, has epigastric fossa - pit of stomach - ant. Has xiphisternal joint

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5
Q

Ribs (costae)

A

12 pairs, flat, course ant/inf - head to body, neck, tubercle to transverse process, body, angle, anterior end articulates w costal cartilage

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6
Q

Costal groove

A

Inf shaft of rib, VAN (sup to inf)

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7
Q

True/False/Floating

A

1-7 / 8-12 / 11-12

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8
Q

Costal margin / infrasternal angle

A

cc of 7 - 10 / intersection of costal margin at xiphisternal joint

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9
Q

Superior / inferior thoracic aperature

A

upper border of sternum and first ribs, great vessels and visceral ascend and descend btw thorax and neck / diaphragm, IVC, esophagus and aorta

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10
Q

External intercostal muscles

A

11, inf to sup, external intercostal membrane at costochondral jxn Elevation = Inspiration
Intercostal (T1-T6) and thoracoabdominal (T7-T11)

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11
Q

Internal intercostal muscles

A 
sup to inf - internal intercostal membrane at intercostal spaces
Expiration
Intercostal (T1-T6) and thoracoabdominal (T7-T11)
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12
Q

Innermost intercostal muscles

A

11, same O, I, and N as internal, separated by internal vessels and nerves by neurovascular plane

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13
Q

Thoracic nerves

A

12, traverse intervertebral foramen, divide into ventral and dorsal rami

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14
Q

Dorsal rami

A

post, into medial and lateral branches

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15
Q

Ventral rami

A

largest, forward into intercostal spaces,
T1 - T6 = intercostal nerves (proper)
T7 - T11 = Thoracoabdominal nerves
T12 = subcostal nerve

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16
Q

Intercostal nerve course

A

below neck of numerical rib, in neurovascular plane, in costal groove VAN, lateral cutaneous branch (serratus ant into ant/post supplies skin of chest wall) and anterior cutaneous branch (pectoralis to skin of front of chest)

17
Q

Mediastinum

A

interpleural space - space btw right/left pleura - all organs of thorax except lungs
extends ant from sternum to post vertebral column
extends from thoracic inlet sup to diaphragm inf

18
Q

Pleura

A

thin serous membrane in thoracic cavity in left/right side - double layer = inner mesothelium, outer connective tissue

19
Q

Visceral pleura

A

Covers lungs except hilus, dips into fissures btw lobes, few nerves, blood supply via bronchial arteries from des thoracic aorta

20
Q

Parietal pleura

A

lining of thoracic wall, diaphragm, and mediastinum, rich nerve and vessel supply, derived from post intercostal and internal thoracic arteries.

21
Q

4 subdivisions of parietal pleura

A

Costal parietal pleura = sternum, ribs, intercostal muscles
Cupolar (cervical) parietal pleura = over apex of lungs, up to neck of first rib
Diaphragmatic p p = upper surface of diaphragm
Mediastinal p p = forms lateral boundaries of mediastinum

22
Q

Recesses

A

where 2 parts of P P join - not occupied by lung =
costomediastinal recess - jxn of costal and mediastinal, ant border of lung fills during strenuous breathing
Costodiaphragmatic recess - jxn of costal and diaphragmatic, inf border of lung fills during strenuous breathing

23
Q

Pleural Cavity

A

space btw parietal and visceral pleura
capillary thickness, thin film of fluid, negative pressure (keeps visceral pleura (lungs) by parietal pleura (thoracic chest wall and diaphragm)). So if diaphragm moves, so does lung = breathing

24
Q

Atelectasis

A

Collapse of lung

25
Q

Pneumothorax

A

air in pleural cavity

26
Q

Anterior Mediastinum

A

Loose connective tissue, thymus

27
Q

Superior Mediastinum

A

thymus, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, thoracic duct, vagus, phrenic, azygos vein

28
Q

Middle Mediastinum

A

heart, great vessels, pericardium, phrenic

29
Q

Posterior Mediastinum

A

thoracic aorta, esophagus, thoracic duct, vagus, azygos vein

30
Q

Diaphragm

A 
forms the inf boundary of thorax
O: periphery post to xiphoid process, lower 6 ribs, post abd wall
I: Central tendon
N: Phrenic nerve
A: Inspiration
31
Q

Openings of Diaphragm

A

T8 - IVC
T10 - Esophagus, Vagus
T12 - Aorta

Anatomoy 3 (9 decks)

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