Respiratory chp 28

Question 1

Respiratory system

Answer 1

gas transport and exchange

2 phases: conductive and gas exchange

Question 2

Conductive phase

Answer 2

mvmt of gases from outer environment thru resp tubes to lungs

Question 3

Gas exchange phase

Answer 3

exchange of O2 and CO2 btw blood and air sacs of lungs

Question 4

Name the organs of the respiratory system, from outer environment to lungs

Answer 4

Nasal cavity (oral cavity), pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs

Question 5

Trachea

Answer 5

cartilaginous/membranous tube, from larynx above to bifurcation at primary bronchi below
15 cm long
16-20 C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage
open posteriorly, bridge of connective and smooth muscle
esophagus is adjacent and posterior to bridge
Tracheal bifurcation is end of trachea

Question 6

Right Primary Bronchus

Answer 6

wider, shorter, straighter, forms less acute angle
2.5 cm long
Enters right lung at right hilus and splits into 3 secondary branches, one for each lobe
Secondary divide into several tertiary bronchi, supplying bronchopulmonary segment - largest segment w lobe of lung, separated by connective tissue septa, preventing diffusion of air

Question 7

Left Primary Bronchus

Answer 7

smaller, longer (5 cm), more acute angle

Question 8

Differences btw Bronchi and Bronchioles

Answer 8

Bronchioles = smaller, more of them, no cartilage in their walls
Bronchi have cartilage in walls to keep from during inspiration bc they are outside the substance of the lung.

Question 9

Respiratory bronchioles

Answer 9

from terminal bronchioles, short tubes of connective tissue and smooth muscle
alveoli bud off
branch in cone like radiation into 2-11 alveolar ducts

Question 10

Alveolar ducts

Answer 10

long, thin-walled tubes of connective tissue and smooth muscle
give rise to alveoli and alveolar sacs

Question 11

Alveoli

Answer 11

No cartilage or smooth muscle
thin layer of epithelium and connective tissue
numerous capillaries adjacent to them

Question 12

Membrane where gas exchange occurs?

Answer 12

alveolar wall and capillary call (called the respiratory membrane)

Question 13

Surfaces of lung

Answer 13

Costal - adjacent to thoracic wall
Diaphragmatic - (base) - concave in shape, adjacent to upper surface of diaphragm
Medial - adjacent to heart and other thoracic organs, contains hilus/hilum

Question 14

Root of the lung

Answer 14

collective name of all structures entering or leaving lung -
pulm artery, 2 pulm veins, primary bronchus

Question 15

Right lung

Answer 15

2 fissures: oblique and transverse (horizontal)

3 lobes: upper (superior), middle, and lower (inferior)

Question 16

Left lung

Answer 16

1 fissure: oblique
2 lobes: upper and lower
Linqual and cardiac notch