Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomoy 3 > Digestive System Organology chp 31 > Flashcards

Digestive System Organology chp 31 Flashcards

1
Q

Digestive system

A

concerned w breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients

Organs exist as continuous tube from oral cavity to anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 other names of digestive system

A

Digestive tract, Gastrointestinal tract, Alimentary canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Peritoneum

A

Large, highly folded, serous membrane located in abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

lines inner surface of abd wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Visceral peritoneum

A

located on surface of organs of abd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

btw parietal and visceral layers, potential space filled w thin film of fluid
Divided into 2 sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Greater Sac

A

main portion, from diaphragm to pelvic floor, and ant abd wall to post abd wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lesser Sac (omental bursa)

A

smaller portion, post to stomach and extending upward behind liver and downward to greater omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Epiploic foramen (of Winslow)

A

only opening btw greater and lesser sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Epiploic foramen is bounded by:

A

Portal vein, hepatic artery proper, bile duct (in lesser omentum)
Duodenum (inf)
IVC (post)
Liver (sup)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Peritoneal folds and membranes

A

reflections of visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Falciform ligament

A

extends from liver to ant abd wall

in free edge, has round ligament of liver (obliterated umbilical vein)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Greater Omentum

A

extends from greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon, forming fatty apron over small intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lesser Omentum

A

extends from lesser curvature of stomach to liver

right free edge contains bile duct, portal vein and hepatic artery proper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mesentary

A

supports and suspends jejunum and ileum from post abd wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Transverse Mesocolon

A

suspends transverse colon from post abd wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sigmoid Mesocolon

A

suspends sigmoid colon from post abd wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define and name the retroperitoneal structures:

A

structures located behind peritoneum directly on post abd wall -
Duodenum, Asc colon, Des colon, pancreas, kidney and ureter, aorta and IVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Oral cavity (mouth) contents:

A

tongue, teeth, and openings of salivary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tongue

A

skeletal muscular organ

fxns: sense of taste, mastication, and mvmt of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

and types of teeth

A

32 teeth

Incisors, canines, premolars, and molars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Salivary glands

A

3 pairs, exocrine glands (drained by duct) empty saliva (gland secretions) drain into oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Parotid gland

A

below ear, drained by parotid duct (Stensen’s duct)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Submandibular gland

A

below mandible and drained by submandibular duct (Wharton’s duct/submaxillary gland)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Sublingual gland
below tongue, drained by sublingual ducts (of Bartholin and Rivinus)
26
Pharynx
Skeletal muscle, fxns in swallowing
27
3 parts of Pharynx
Nasopharynx - post to nasal cavity Oropharynx - post to oral cavity Laryngopharynx (hypopharynx) - post to larynx, continuous w esophagus
28
Esophagus
muscular tube, 25 cm long, from lower end of pharynx above to cardiac opening of stomach below
29
3 Regional parts of Esophagus
Cervical - in neck, post to trachea Thoracic - in thorax, post to trachea in upper half and post to heart in lower half Abdominal - pierces diaphragm at esophageal opening, enters abd, runs short course, terminates by joining stomach (gastroesphageal jxn)
30
Stomach
digestive organ responsible for storage of food 3 parts: Fundus - above level of entrance of esophagus Body - btw fundus and pyloric part, main mass Pyloric - extends right from lower body, ends at pyloric opening (btw opening of stomach and first part of duodenum), has pyloric sphincter - circular smooth muscle surrounding pyloric opening
31
2 curvatures of stomach:
Great curvature - Convex *courses over fundus and inf on left side of stomach to inf side of pyloris *has greater omentum (connective tissue btw stomach and transverse colon Lesser curvature - Concave *right margin on stomach *has lesser omentum (btw stomach and liver)
32
2 openings of stomach:
Cardiac opening - btw esophagus and stomach cavities (at jxn of greater and lesser curvatures) Pyloric opening - btw stomach and 1st part of duodenum
33
Rugae
folds presented on internal surface of stomach
34
Small Intestine
btw pyloric sphincter (connection to stomach) and ileocecal jxn (connection to large intestine) 7 m long, decreases in diameter thru length
35
3 subdivisions of small intestines:
Duodenum, jejunum (proximal 2/5ths), ileum (distal 3/5ths),
36
Duodenum
from pyloric sphincter to jejunum, C-shaped, concave medial border has openings of liver, gall bladder and pancreas ducts 4 parts: first (superior) second (des) - receives bile and pancreatic juices third (horizontal) fourth (asc) - courses upward to suspensory ligament of Treitz leading to duodenojejunal flexture
37
Jejunum and ileum
no morph line of demarcation btw them | highly coiled, surrounded/suspended from post abd wall by connective tissue - Mesentary
38
Ileocecal jxn
jxn of ileum of SI and cecum of LI | ileocecal opening guarded by ileocecal valve (not sphincteric)
39
Large intestine (colon)
from ileocecal jxn to anus | Divided into 7 parts
40
Cecum (of LI)
lies at and below level of entrance of ileum
41
Appendix
lymphatic organ attached to posteromedial wall to liver
42
Ascending colon (of LI)
extends sup from right side of post abd wall to liver, can't course above liver, it bends, forming right colic (hepatic flexure) and courses left
43
Transverse colon (of LI)
extends from right colic flexure to spleen on left, then bends forming left colic (splenic flexure)
44
Descending colon (of LI)
from left colic flexure inf along left side of post abd wall
45
Sigmoid colon (of LI)
from descending colon to pelvis, continuous w rectum | forms loop - shape/position depend on degree of filling
46
Large intestine diagram
Ileocecal jxn ←Ileum
47
Rectum
btw sigmoid colon and anus anal verge - boundary btw int and ext Pecinate or dentate line - boundary btw int mucosa and ext epithelium Int and ext hemorrhoids, more sensitivity below, less above
48
Anus
sphincteric muscle at termination of anal canal, fxns in retention of feces
49
Celiac Trunk
short, from aorta immediately below aortic opening of diaphragm, embedded in celiac plexus Gives off 3 branches: S.L.C, from body's left to right = Left gastric a., splenic a., common hepatic a.
50
Left Gastric a.
courses left along lesser curvature of stomach, gives off several esophageal branches
51
Splenic a.
large branch, tortuous course along upper margin of pancreas to spleen, gives off Left Gastroepiploic (gastro-omental) a. to greater curvature of stomach also gives off several short gastric arteries supplying fundus of stomach
52
Common Hepatic a.
courses right dividing into hepatic artery proper and gastroduodenal a.
53
Hepatic artery proper
ascends in lesser omentum towards liver | gives off Right Gastric a. to lesser curvature, then divides into Right and Left Hepatic a.
54
Right Hepatic a.
Gives off Cystic a. to gallbladder
55
Gastroduodenal a.
(came off of split from Common Hepatic a.) des behind duodenum giving off Right Gastroepiploic a. to greater curvature of stomach
56
Superior Mesenteric a.
from aorta just below Celiac trunk, post to panc, des in front of lower duodenum, enters mesentery, supplies SI Gives off Jejunal and ileal branches to SI and ileocolic, right colic, and middle colic a. to LI
57
Inferior Mesenteric a.
from aorta cm above its bifurcation, courses to LI, branches into Left Colic, Sigmoid, and Superior Rectal a.
58
Marginal Artery of Dummond
formed by extensive anstm of asc and des branches of LI (colon) arteries, at prox. to inner margin of colon
59
Portal Vein
nutrient-rich blood from digestive organs, formed by splenic v. and superior mesenteric v., inf mesenteric v. drains into splenic v., portal v. drains directly into liver.
60
Lymphatics of abd
Nodes named after specific organ or blood vessel near which they lie. Drain from organs to vessels towards celiac nodes, drain into cisterna chyli then into thoracic duct
61
Liver
largest gland, exocrine, produces bile (to ducts by duodenum), had 2 surfaces
62
2 surfaces of liver:
Diaphragmatic (superior) - r/t right dome of diaphragm | Visceral (inferior) - adjacent to abd viscera
63
4 lobes of liver:
Right (largest), left, quadrate (upper middle) and caudate (lower middle)
64
Porta hepatis
jxn of 4 lobes (very center), where structures enter/exit liver
65
Name structures that enter/exit liver:
Right and left hepatic arteries, right and left hepatic ducts, and portal vein (NOT the hepatic veins)
66
Gall Bladder
``` on visceral (inf) surface of liver, btw right lobe and quadrate lobe bile stored and concentrated ```
67
Pancreas
``` both endocrine and exocrine exo - produces digestive enzymes, from duct to duodenum endo - produces hormone insulin head (concavity of duodenum) body (from head, left across vertebrae) tail (left end, approx. spleen) ```
68
Duct system
right liver drained by right hepatic duct left liver drained by left hepatic duct these join forming common hepatic duct gall bladder drained by cystic duct Cystic joins common hepatic forming bile duct Pancreas drained by main pancreatic duct Accessory pancreatic duct drains into minor duodenal papilla (sup to major) Bile and pancreatic duct join forming hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater, opens thru sphincter of Oddi, then opens into duodenum at major duodenal papilla

Anatomoy 3 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions