Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomoy 3 > Digestive System Organology chp 31 > Flashcards

Digestive System Organology chp 31 Flashcards

1
Q

Digestive system

A

concerned w breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients

Organs exist as continuous tube from oral cavity to anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 other names of digestive system

A

Digestive tract, Gastrointestinal tract, Alimentary canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Peritoneum

A

Large, highly folded, serous membrane located in abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

lines inner surface of abd wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Visceral peritoneum

A

located on surface of organs of abd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

btw parietal and visceral layers, potential space filled w thin film of fluid
Divided into 2 sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Greater Sac

A

main portion, from diaphragm to pelvic floor, and ant abd wall to post abd wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lesser Sac (omental bursa)

A

smaller portion, post to stomach and extending upward behind liver and downward to greater omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Epiploic foramen (of Winslow)

A

only opening btw greater and lesser sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Epiploic foramen is bounded by:

A

Portal vein, hepatic artery proper, bile duct (in lesser omentum)
Duodenum (inf)
IVC (post)
Liver (sup)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Peritoneal folds and membranes

A

reflections of visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Falciform ligament

A

extends from liver to ant abd wall

in free edge, has round ligament of liver (obliterated umbilical vein)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Greater Omentum

A

extends from greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon, forming fatty apron over small intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lesser Omentum

A

extends from lesser curvature of stomach to liver

right free edge contains bile duct, portal vein and hepatic artery proper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mesentary

A

supports and suspends jejunum and ileum from post abd wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Transverse Mesocolon

A

suspends transverse colon from post abd wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sigmoid Mesocolon

A

suspends sigmoid colon from post abd wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define and name the retroperitoneal structures:

A

structures located behind peritoneum directly on post abd wall -
Duodenum, Asc colon, Des colon, pancreas, kidney and ureter, aorta and IVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Oral cavity (mouth) contents:

A

tongue, teeth, and openings of salivary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tongue

A

skeletal muscular organ

fxns: sense of taste, mastication, and mvmt of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

and types of teeth

A

32 teeth

Incisors, canines, premolars, and molars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Salivary glands

A

3 pairs, exocrine glands (drained by duct) empty saliva (gland secretions) drain into oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Parotid gland

A

below ear, drained by parotid duct (Stensen’s duct)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Submandibular gland

A

below mandible and drained by submandibular duct (Wharton’s duct/submaxillary gland)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Sublingual gland

A

below tongue, drained by sublingual ducts (of Bartholin and Rivinus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Pharynx

A

Skeletal muscle, fxns in swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

3 parts of Pharynx

A

Nasopharynx - post to nasal cavity
Oropharynx - post to oral cavity
Laryngopharynx (hypopharynx) - post to larynx, continuous w esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Esophagus

A

muscular tube, 25 cm long, from lower end of pharynx above to cardiac opening of stomach below

29
Q

3 Regional parts of Esophagus

A

Cervical - in neck, post to trachea
Thoracic - in thorax, post to trachea in upper half and post to heart in lower half
Abdominal - pierces diaphragm at esophageal opening, enters abd, runs short course, terminates by joining stomach (gastroesphageal jxn)

30
Q

Stomach

A

digestive organ responsible for storage of food
3 parts: Fundus - above level of entrance of esophagus
Body - btw fundus and pyloric part, main mass
Pyloric - extends right from lower body, ends at pyloric opening (btw opening of stomach and first part of duodenum), has pyloric sphincter - circular smooth muscle surrounding pyloric opening

31
Q

2 curvatures of stomach:

A

Great curvature - Convex
*courses over fundus and inf on left side of stomach to inf side of pyloris
*has greater omentum (connective tissue btw stomach and transverse colon
Lesser curvature - Concave
*right margin on stomach
*has lesser omentum (btw stomach and liver)

32
Q

2 openings of stomach:

A

Cardiac opening - btw esophagus and stomach cavities (at jxn of greater and lesser curvatures)
Pyloric opening - btw stomach and 1st part of duodenum

33
Q

Rugae

A

folds presented on internal surface of stomach

34
Q

Small Intestine

A

btw pyloric sphincter (connection to stomach) and ileocecal jxn (connection to large intestine)
7 m long, decreases in diameter thru length

35
Q

3 subdivisions of small intestines:

A

Duodenum, jejunum (proximal 2/5ths), ileum (distal 3/5ths),

36
Q

Duodenum

A

from pyloric sphincter to jejunum, C-shaped, concave medial border has openings of liver, gall bladder and pancreas ducts
4 parts: first (superior)
second (des) - receives bile and pancreatic juices
third (horizontal)
fourth (asc) - courses upward to suspensory ligament of Treitz leading to duodenojejunal flexture

37
Q

Jejunum and ileum

A

no morph line of demarcation btw them

highly coiled, surrounded/suspended from post abd wall by connective tissue - Mesentary

38
Q

Ileocecal jxn

A

jxn of ileum of SI and cecum of LI

ileocecal opening guarded by ileocecal valve (not sphincteric)

39
Q

Large intestine (colon)

A

from ileocecal jxn to anus

Divided into 7 parts

40
Q

Cecum (of LI)

A

lies at and below level of entrance of ileum

41
Q

Appendix

A

lymphatic organ attached to posteromedial wall to liver

42
Q

Ascending colon (of LI)

A

extends sup from right side of post abd wall to liver, can’t course above liver, it bends, forming right colic (hepatic flexure) and courses left

43
Q

Transverse colon (of LI)

A

extends from right colic flexure to spleen on left, then bends forming left colic (splenic flexure)

44
Q

Descending colon (of LI)

A

from left colic flexure inf along left side of post abd wall

45
Q

Sigmoid colon (of LI)

A

from descending colon to pelvis, continuous w rectum

forms loop - shape/position depend on degree of filling

46
Q

Large intestine diagram

A

Ileocecal jxn ←Ileum

47
Q

Rectum

A

btw sigmoid colon and anus
anal verge - boundary btw int and ext
Pecinate or dentate line - boundary btw int mucosa and ext epithelium
Int and ext hemorrhoids, more sensitivity below, less above

48
Q

Anus

A

sphincteric muscle at termination of anal canal, fxns in retention of feces

49
Q

Celiac Trunk

A

short, from aorta immediately below aortic opening of diaphragm, embedded in celiac plexus
Gives off 3 branches: S.L.C, from body’s left to right = Left gastric a., splenic a., common hepatic a.

50
Q

Left Gastric a.

A

courses left along lesser curvature of stomach, gives off several esophageal branches

51
Q

Splenic a.

A

large branch, tortuous course along upper margin of pancreas to spleen, gives off Left Gastroepiploic (gastro-omental) a. to greater curvature of stomach
also gives off several short gastric arteries supplying fundus of stomach

52
Q

Common Hepatic a.

A

courses right dividing into hepatic artery proper and gastroduodenal a.

53
Q

Hepatic artery proper

A

ascends in lesser omentum towards liver

gives off Right Gastric a. to lesser curvature, then divides into Right and Left Hepatic a.

54
Q

Right Hepatic a.

A

Gives off Cystic a. to gallbladder

55
Q

Gastroduodenal a.

A

(came off of split from Common Hepatic a.) des behind duodenum giving off Right Gastroepiploic a. to greater curvature of stomach

56
Q

Superior Mesenteric a.

A

from aorta just below Celiac trunk, post to panc, des in front of lower duodenum, enters mesentery, supplies SI
Gives off Jejunal and ileal branches to SI and ileocolic, right colic, and middle colic a. to LI

57
Q

Inferior Mesenteric a.

A

from aorta cm above its bifurcation, courses to LI, branches into Left Colic, Sigmoid, and Superior Rectal a.

58
Q

Marginal Artery of Dummond

A

formed by extensive anstm of asc and des branches of LI (colon) arteries, at prox. to inner margin of colon

59
Q

Portal Vein

A

nutrient-rich blood from digestive organs, formed by splenic v. and superior mesenteric v., inf mesenteric v. drains into splenic v., portal v. drains directly into liver.

60
Q

Lymphatics of abd

A

Nodes named after specific organ or blood vessel near which they lie.
Drain from organs to vessels towards celiac nodes, drain into cisterna chyli then into thoracic duct

61
Q

Liver

A

largest gland, exocrine, produces bile (to ducts by duodenum), had 2 surfaces

62
Q

2 surfaces of liver:

A

Diaphragmatic (superior) - r/t right dome of diaphragm

Visceral (inferior) - adjacent to abd viscera

63
Q

4 lobes of liver:

A

Right (largest), left, quadrate (upper middle) and caudate (lower middle)

64
Q

Porta hepatis

A

jxn of 4 lobes (very center), where structures enter/exit liver

65
Q

Name structures that enter/exit liver:

A

Right and left hepatic arteries, right and left hepatic ducts, and portal vein (NOT the hepatic veins)

66
Q

Gall Bladder

A 
on visceral (inf) surface of liver, btw right lobe and quadrate lobe 
bile stored and concentrated
67
Q

Pancreas

A 
both endocrine and exocrine
exo - produces digestive enzymes, from duct to duodenum
endo - produces hormone insulin
head (concavity of duodenum)
body (from head, left across vertebrae)
tail (left end, approx. spleen)
68
Q

Duct system

A

right liver drained by right hepatic duct
left liver drained by left hepatic duct
these join forming common hepatic duct
gall bladder drained by cystic duct
Cystic joins common hepatic forming bile duct
Pancreas drained by main pancreatic duct
Accessory pancreatic duct drains into minor duodenal papilla (sup to major)
Bile and pancreatic duct join forming hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater, opens thru sphincter of Oddi, then opens into duodenum at major duodenal papilla

Anatomoy 3 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions