Urinary system

Question 1

major organs

Answer 1

kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

Question 2

functions of urinary system

Answer 2

primary function - filter blood

Question 3

functions of urinary system involving filtrate

Answer 3

elimination of metabolic waste
regulation of ion levels
regulation of acid-base balance
regulation of BP e
elimination of biologically active molecules
other functions: calcitrol formation, production and release of EPO (increases RBCs when O2 levels are low), potential to engage in glucogenesis

Question 4

Parts of a nephron

• renal corpuscle
• glomerulus
• glomerulus capsule
• renal tubule

Answer 4

filtration in the nephrons
network of blood vessels (fenestrated capillaries)
cup-shaped structure
made up of PCT, descending limb, ascending limb. DCT and collecting duct

Question 5

What is a nephron? what are the two types of nephrons?

Answer 5

a functional unit of the kidneys
juxtamedullary - longer loop
cortical - shorter loop

Question 6

Renal blood flow pathway

Answer 6

renal artery, segmental arteries, interlobar arteries, arcuate arteries, cortical radiate arteries, afferent arteriole, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, pertitubular caps. and vasa recta, cortical radiate veins, arcuate veins, interlobar veins, renal vein

Question 7

filtrate flow

Answer 7

glomerular capsule, PCT, descending limb, ascending limb, DCT, collecting duct, papillary duct, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis,/sinus, ureter, bladder, urethra

Question 8

List the 3 processes in urine formation

Answer 8

1. glomerular filtration - renal corpuscle filtering substances out of blood into nephron/capsule
2. tubular reabsorption