Urinary System Flashcards
the kidney is absent
Absence of Kidney
having small kidney
Microkidney
two kidneys are joined together across the midline of the body
Horseshoe Kidney
large cyst are present in he kidneys
Polycystic Kidney
sometimes the major calyx has a separate pelvis and a partial or complete separate ureter
Double Kidney, Double Pelvis and Double Ureter
the kidney is not in its normal position
Ectopic Kidney
the bladder may lie outside the pelvis
Exstrophy of the Bladder
the urethra open under surface of the penis
Hypospadias
the urethra opens on the upper surface of the penis
Epispadias
what are the Functions of Kidney
- it excrete urine which contains water and waste products
- it regulates fluid content of the blood
- they regulate the concentration of the various salts circulating in the blood
collect blood from the kidneys and empty into the inferior vena cava
Renal Veins
the left and right are branches of the abdominal aorta that supply blood to the kidneys
Renal Arteries
is the passage from UB to the outside
Urethra
in female urethra how many inches in lenght
1.5 inches in length
How about the urethra in male
it is much longer
it passes through the prostate gland, perineum and the entire length of the penis for an approximate length of 8 inches
Urethra
is a reservoir for the urine and lies in the pelvis behind the symphysis pubis
Urinary Bladder
it is in front of the rectum and in female, it is anterior to the uterus
Urinary Bladder
are two tubes about 10-12 inches in length which extends from the kidney to the urinary bladder
Ureters
Ureters has a 3 coats
- Epithelial Lining
- Involuntary Muscle
- Fibrous Layer
each, passes down along the posterior abdominal wall behind the peritoneum and crosses the pelvic brim and runs down along the latera wall of the pelvis to the pelvic floor
Ureters
is the upper expanded funnel-shaped end of the ureter which is in contact with the kidney
Renal Pelvis
are two or three divisions of the renal pelvis
Major Calyces (Sing. Calyx)
what are the divisions of renal pelvis
a. Superior Major Calyces
b. Middle Major Calyces
c. Inferior Major Calyces
are the cup-shaped divisions of the major calyces,
Minor Calyces
each minor calyces is made up of many collecting tubules and is cone-shaped with its base directed towards the cortex
Renal Pyramid
the excretory organ
Kidneys (2)
outer part containing the renal tubules
Cortex
inner part made up of renal pyramids
Medulla
are the pipelines
Ureters (2)
the reservoir
Urinary Bladder
a waste pipe
Urethra
contains over a million nephrons
Kidneys (2)
occupies the space between the 12th dorsal/thoracic to the 3rd lumbar body
Kidneys (2)
kidney are located behind the peritoneum or also called ___ which covers their anterior surfaces
retroperitoneally
in kidneys the right lies at ___ than the left because of the ____
slightly lower level
liver
the structural and functional units responsible for filtering the blood and forming urine
Nephrons
are located in the cortex of the kidney
Renal Corpuscle
Each consist of a cup-like structure called
Glomerular (Bowman’s capsule)
This contains a cluster of capillaries called
Glomerulus
contains a cluster of capillaries called the glomerulus
Renal Tubule
exit from the glomerular capsule to form highly coiled
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
Then becomes the descending limb of the hairpin-like
Nephron loop
they are bean-shaped organs which lie in the upper, posterior abdomen one on each side approximately 10 cm in length
Kidney (2)
each ___ has a capsule which is surrounded by fat and moves during respiration
Kidneys
is a depression on the medial or inner border where the renal artery, renal veins, the lymphatic’s and pelvis enter the kidney
Hilum / Hilus
includes the renal artery, vein, lymphatic’s and renal pelvis
Renal Pedicle
