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RadAna > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

Parts of the circulatory system

A

heart
arteries
arterioles
capillaries
venules
veins
lymph vascular / lymphatic system
reticulo-endothelial structure

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2
Q

is the pump for the circulatory system that lies in the lower anterior chest in the middle mediastinum

A

Heart

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3
Q

partition between the 2 halves of the chest diving it into right and left hemithorax

A

Mediastinum

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4
Q

Lies medial to left nipple in the fifth intercostal space

A

Apex

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5
Q

is directed o the right and extended slightly to the right of the right sternal border

A

Base

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6
Q

the heart has ___ coverings ___ chambers and ___ openings

A

3
4
8

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7
Q

what are the 3 covering of the heart

A

endocardium
myocardium
pericardium

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8
Q

what are the 4 chambers of the heart

A

left atrium / left auricle
right atrium / right auricle
left ventricle
right ventricle

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9
Q

is a thin lining membrane of the heart

A

Endocardium

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10
Q

is the special striated muscle of the heart

A

Myocardium

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11
Q

is the outer covering of the heart

A

Pericardium

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12
Q

pericardium consist of two layers

A

visceral pericardium
parietal pericardium

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13
Q

is the inner layer close to the muscle layer

A

Visceral Pericardium

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14
Q

is the outer layer which forms a thin sac within which the heart contract

A

Parietal Pericardium

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15
Q

the heart is divided into two halves the right and left by a ___ which extend from the base of the apex

A

Main Septum

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16
Q

dividing it into an atrium or auricle and a ventricle and these are the right and left atria and right and left ventricles

A

Atrio-Ventricular Septum

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17
Q

openings between the right atrium and right ventricle and between left atrium and left ventricle are present called the

A

Atrio Ventricular Opening

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18
Q

guard these openings to prevent blood from flowing back to atria from the ventricle

A

Flap Valves

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19
Q

the valve on the right side are called

A

tricuspid valve (3 flaps)

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20
Q

the valve on the left side are called

A

Bicuspid / Mitral valve (2 flaps)

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21
Q

is that part of the main septum between the two atria

A

Interatrial Septum

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22
Q

is that part of the main septum that separates the two ventricle

A

interventricular septum

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23
Q

is the anterior part of the left ventricle that opens into the pulmonary artery

A

Conus Arteriosus or Pulmonary Conus

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24
Q

are the first two branches of the aorta and supply the heart with blood

A

Coronary Arteries

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25
Q

what are the openings of the heart

A

Atrio-Ventricular openings
Superior and Inferior Vena Cava openings
Left Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle

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26
Q

between the atrium and ventricle on each side

A

Atrio-Ventricular Opening

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27
Q

in the right atrium

A

superior and inferior vena cava openings

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28
Q

has 4 openings one for each of the pulmonary veins

A

left atrium

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29
Q

has an opening the pulmonary orifice

A

right ventricle

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30
Q

has an opening the Aortic orifice

A

left ventricle

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31
Q

two distinct system of blood vessels in the body

A

pulmonary arteries and veins
systematic arteries and veins

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32
Q

carry blood from the heart to the lungs and return it to the heart

A

pulmonary arteries and veins

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33
Q

carry blood from the heart to all other parts of the body and return it to the heart via the aorta and vena cava

A

systematic arteries and veins

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34
Q

blood is distributed by the branches of the abdominal aorta to the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, gall bladder and spleen

A

Portal Circulation

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35
Q

after circulating through the capillaries of these organs it is collected in veins that join together to form ____

A

Portal Vein

36
Q

enters the live, it breaks up into capillaries which then reunite

A

Portal Vein

37
Q

the portal vein enters the live, it breaks up into capillaries which then reunite to form ___

A

Hepatic Vein

38
Q

leaves the liver and empties into the inferior vena cava

A

Hepatic Vein

39
Q

this means that blood carrying the products of digestion from the bowel must pass through the liver before entering the general bloodstream

A

Portal Circulation

40
Q

the blood then passes thru the veins to the superior or inferior vena cava and back to the left atrium

A

Systemic Circulation

41
Q

oxygenated blood from the left atrium enter the left ventricle

A

Systemic Circulation

42
Q

it us pumped into the aorta, it goes to all organs and tissues of the body

A

Systemic Circulation

43
Q

it enters the capillaries of these organs
it gives up its supply of oxygen and other products
it takes up carbon dioxide and waste product

A

Systemic Circulation

44
Q

blood which has been returned to the right atrium through vena cava passes into the right ventricle

A

Pulmonary Circulation

45
Q

blood which has been returned to the right atrium through vena cava passes into the right ventricle

A

Pulmonary Circulation

46
Q

with contraction of the right ventricle , blood passes into the pulmonary artery to the lungs

A

Pulmonary Circulation

47
Q

it passes through the capillary vessels of the air sac
it receives supply of oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide and moisture

A

Pulmonary Circulation

48
Q

it is then collected by the two pulmonary veins each lung and is returned to the left atrium to be pumped out to the body tissues

A

Pulmonary Circulation

49
Q

Spleen is located at ___

A

posterior of stomach

50
Q

what are the functions of the circulatory system

A

heart
arteries
veins and lymphatics

51
Q

is pump to force blood through blood vessels

A

Heart

52
Q

form a distributing system and carry blood to all parts of the body

A

Arteries

53
Q

are the collecting systems which return blood to the heart

A

veins and lymphatics

54
Q

what are the three coats / coverings of blood vessels

A

internal coat / tunica intima
middle coat / tunica media
outer coat / tunica adventitia

55
Q

consist of al layer of flat endothelial cells lining the vessels like a cobblestone pavement that forms the inner lining of both vein and artery

A

internal coat / tunica intima

56
Q

forms the middle layer that consist of a layer or visceral or involuntary muscle fibers which encircle the vessel

A

middle coat / tunica media

57
Q

forms the outer layer that consist of connective tissue

A

outer coat / tunica adventitia

58
Q

is an organ that lies under the left diaphragm in the upper left abdomen

A

Spleen

59
Q

its function is to filter worn-out red blood cells, it may manufacture new RBC

A

Spleen

60
Q

includes the bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen and liver

A

Reticulo - Endothelial Structures

61
Q

they act as filters of the blood and store lipoids and iron

A

Reticulo - Endothelial Structures

62
Q

is formed by the union f the lymph vessels of the thorax, the right jugular and subclavian lymph trunk

A

Right Lymph Duct

63
Q

is a large lymph trunk which begins in the upper abdomen by the union of lymph vessels

A

Thoracic Duct

64
Q

they process the aortic opening in the diaphragm into the thorax

A

Thoracic Duct

65
Q

are small oval bodies ranging in size

A

Lymph Nodes / Glands

66
Q

they are distributed along the ourse of the lymph vessels sometimes single but usually in groups or in chains

A

Lymph Nodes / Glands

67
Q

are tubes formed by the union of the lymph capillaries

A

Lymph Vessels

68
Q

they unite to form the lymph vessels

A

pleura
pericardium
peritoneum and
synovial membranes

69
Q

form a close network of very thin walled vessels like the blood capillaries

A

Lymph Capillaries

70
Q

is the name given to the fluid circulating in the lymphatic vessels which is colorless

A

Lymph

71
Q

is the second collecting system and its function is draining off tissue fluids and products of cell activity

A

Lymph Vascular / Lymphatic System

72
Q

What are the two sets of Veins

A

superficial vein
deep vein

73
Q

veins that lie at a deeper level and usually accompany an artery

A

Deep Veins

74
Q

veins that lie close to the skin

A

Superficial Veins

75
Q

they are formed by union of venules

A

Veins

76
Q

form the two collecting system and bring blood back to the heart

A

Veins

77
Q

they are formed by the union of capillary vessels

A

Venules

78
Q

are the smallest veins and it corresponds to the arterioles

A

Venules

79
Q

are very minute hair-like vessels form networks between the small arterioles and the venules

A

Capillaries

80
Q

the blood constituents pass into the tissues and the return of waste products into blood vessels through these ___

A

Capillaries

81
Q

each arterioles are divided into a thin walled vessels that joints together at the others end to form the smallest veins

A

Capillaries

82
Q

each arterioles are divided into a thin walled vessels that joints together at the others end to form the ____

A

smallest veins

83
Q

are the final branches of the arteries

A

Arterioles

84
Q

carry blood away from the ventricles of the heart

A

Arteries

85
Q

arteries maybe compared to a tree with two trunks

A

Pulmonary Artery
Aorta

RadAna (13 decks)

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