Urinary System Flashcards
Define urinary system
The system involved in the production and excretion of urine
What are the parts of the urinary system?
Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra (male vs female)
What is pelvis?
A body region that lies below abdomen
What is the bony part of the pelvis formed by?
Two HIP bones anterolateral and the sacrum in the middle, posteriorly
What is the pelvis divided by?
Pelvic brim into → false (above) and true (below) pelvis
What is pelvic brim?
The plane separating two parts of pelvis
What is the pelvic brim formed by?
Sacral promontry posteriorly
Arcuate lines on the hip bones laterally
Symphysis pubis anteriorly
What is pelvic diaphragm?
Muscular partition formed by pelvic muscles
It separates the true pelvic cavity above from the perineum below
What are kidneys?
Paired, bean-shaped organs involved in forming urine
Each kidney is convex laterally and concave medially where it presents hilum
Where do kidneys lie?
On the posterior abdominal wall
Which kidney is lower?
Right one because the liver pushes it down
What are the posterior relations of the right kidney?
Posterior abdominal wall
Diaphragm
12th rib
What are the posterior relations of the left kidney?
Posterior abdominal wall
Diaphragm
11th and 12th ribs
What is the superior relations of the left kidney?
Left suprarenal gland
What is the superior relations of the right kidney?
Right suprarenal gland
What are the anterior relations of the left kidney?
Spleen
Pancreas
Jejunum
Colon
Stomach
What are the anterior relations of the right kidney?
Duodenum
Colon
Liver
What is the blood supply for kidneys?
Arterial → renal arteries from the abdominal aorta
Venous → renal veins that pour in the inferior vena cava
What are ureters?
Tubes that connect the kidneys above with the urinary bladder bellow
What do ureters carry?
Formed urine to the urinary bladder
Each ureter comes out of…
The helium of the kidney, runs downwards and opens in the posterolateral angle of the urinary bladder
What are the ureter narrowing sites where stones might be lodged?
Pelvi-ureteric junction
Pelvic brim
At the termination of the ureter
What is urinary bladder?
A hollow muscular organ that stores urine till its voided
Where does urinary bladder lie?
In the true pelvis, behind the symphysis pubis
What are the openings of the urinary bladder?
Right and left ureteric openings → at the posterolateral angles
Urethral opening → inferiorly
Describe the mucosa of the urinary bladder?
Shows rugae, and the wall is highly elastic → helping in the function which is storing urine
What is urethra?
The tube by which the urine is conveyed out of the body from the bladder, and which in males also conveys semen
Compare between urethra of man and woman
What do urethral sphincters help with?
When they are closed they help in storing urine in the bladder
