Heart Flashcards
What is heart?
A conical, hollow, muscular organ that is enclosed in a sac called pericardium
What is the site of the heart?
It is placed obliquely in the chest behind sternum:
1/3 to the right of the median plane
2/3 to the left of the median plane
What is the position of the heart?
The apex of the heart is directed downwards forward, to the left and lies in the 5th left intercostal space, 9 cm from the median plane
What are the three surfaces of the heart?
Anterior surface (sternocostal)
Inferior surface (diaphragmatic)
Posterior surface (base of the heart )
What is the anterior surface of the heart?
Faces the sternum and ribs
What is the inferior surface of the heart?
Rests on the diaphragm
What is the posterior surface of the heart?
Formed by the two atria and is facing the thoracic vertebrae
The external surface of the heart shows what?
Sulci or grooves through which pass the coronary vessels
What are the 4 grooves?
Atrioventricular
Intertratrial
Anterior inter-ventricular
Posterior inter-ventricular
What are the two blood supply of the heart?
Arterial supply
Venous drainage
The heart is supplied by what?
Right and left coronary arteries, which are branches of the ascending aorta
What is venous drainage?
The blood is drained by the coronary sinus and its tributaries
What is the nerve supply of the heart?
Derived from the autonomic nervous system
Interiorly what is the heart made of?
4 chambers → 2 atria and 2 ventricles
What are the blood vessels that go in the right atrium?
Superior and inferior vena cava
