Urinary System Flashcards
What system varies the concentration of urine?
Medullary countercurrent system
What is the range in osmolarity in urine?
100-1200
What is osmolarity of urine when body is in perfect balance?
300
What is rate of 300 mOsm
1 ml/min
What is osmolarity of hypotonic urine
Less than 290
Rate of excretion if over hydrated
25ml/min
What is osmolarity of urine with dehydration
Greater than 290-300
Rate of urine production if dehydrated
0.3 ml/min
True/false: osmotic gradient in renal medulla persists and allows reabsorption of h2o regardless of hydration
True
Where is the highest osmotic gradient in kidney?
Medulla near renal pelvis
What structure creates osmotic gradient?
Juxtamedullary loops of henle
What part of all nephrons use the osmotic gradient to vary h2o concentration?
Distal tubules and Collecting ducts
What is descending loop permeable to?
H20
What is descending loop NOT permeable to?
Na+
What is ascending loop permeable to?
Na+
What is ascending loop NOT permeable to?
H20
What will raise osmolarity of interstitial space of medulla?
Sodium
What is osmolarity of urine in ascending loop?
100
If no more h20 is reabsorbed in distal and collecting duct, what is osmolarity of urine?
100
If h20 is reabsorbed at distal and collecting, what is max osmolarity of urine?
1200
What is another name for vasopressin?
ADH
Where is AHD produced?
Hypothalamus
Where is ADH released from?
Posterior pituitary
What does ADH bind to in kidneys?
Receptors at epithelial cells in distal and collecting duct
What type of system does ADH act through?
2nd messenger
What does ADH increase in renal cells?
Cyclic AMP
What does cyclic amp increase in renal cells do?
Increases # of lumenal Aquaporins
What does an increase in ADH do?
Increases concentration of urine because is causes more h20 to be absorbed
True/false: ADH cause h20 reabsorption independent of Na+
True