urinary system

Question 1

cortex

Answer 1

outer portion of kidney

Question 2

major/ minor calyx

Answer 2

fibrous channel inside kidney

Question 3

medulla

Answer 3

inner portion of kidney

Question 4

where is the kidney located

Answer 4

retroperitoneal

Question 5

hilum

Answer 5

indentation on kidney where artery, vein, and ureters enter and exit

Question 6

nephron

Answer 6

functional unit of kidney
where reabsorption and secretion occurs

2 types
juxtamedullary - near medulla
cortical nephron - extend into medulla

Question 7

part of nephron

Answer 7

efferent and afferent arteriole
glomerous
proximal convoluted tubule
nephron loop
distal convoluted tubule
collecting duct

Question 8

STUDY NEPHRON STRUCTURE

Answer 8

STUDY NEPHRON STRUCTURE

Question 9

glomerulus

Answer 9

bulb part of nephron
filters blood

Question 10

glomerular capsule(bowmans capsule)

Answer 10

fibrous capsule around glomerous
catches the filtrate

Question 11

filtration pressure

Answer 11

gradient where sub go fr high to low pressure
large sodium gradient

Question 12

aquaporin

Answer 12

transport protien in descending limb for water trans

Question 13

descending limb vs ascending limb

Answer 13

des - thin seg, more permeable to water
asc - thick seg, inhibit move water, selectively move segments (Na, Cl, K) using NKCC protein

Question 14

NCCK protein

Answer 14

active transport protein like aquaporin
move Na, Cl, K

Question 15

calcitrol vs. calcifediol

Answer 15

calcitrol - active form vit d
calcifediol - inactive form vit d

Question 16

juxtaglomerular apparatus

Answer 16

group of cells on nephron that help reg blood pressure and urine formation
2 types cells
juxtaglomerular cells - help w blood pressure
macula densa cells - reg amount urine produced

Question 17

renin

Answer 17

produced by juxtaglomerular apparatus
activate renin angiotensin aldersterone sys

Question 18

what allows for bladder to be elastic

Answer 18

transitional epithelium

Question 19

kidney function

Answer 19

maintain fluid, electrolyte, pH w urine prod
monitor blood o2 lvl
control vit D syn

Question 20

where is water reabsorbed in the kidneys

Answer 20

proximal convoluted tubule and descending tubule

Question 21

look at gills slides over urinary

Answer 21

look at gills slides over urinary

Question 22

filtration

Answer 22

blood filtered in glomerulus
filtrate goes through the rest of the nephron

Question 23

reabsorption

Answer 23

sub move ft pct, nephron loop, dct and collecting tube
things reabsorbed = water, glucose, amino acids, calcium, sodium, chloride, phosphate, bicarbonate

Question 24

secretion

Answer 24

sub secreted = ammonium, creatinine, toxin, drugs

Question 25

renin

Answer 25

raise blood pressure by increase vol of filtrate

Question 26

cortical nephron vs juxtamedullary nephron

Answer 26

cortical - most types of nephron, used for excretory and regulation functions

juxtamedullary - less common, concentrate and dilute urine