urinary system Flashcards
cortex
outer portion of kidney
major/ minor calyx
fibrous channel inside kidney
medulla
inner portion of kidney
where is the kidney located
retroperitoneal
hilum
indentation on kidney where artery, vein, and ureters enter and exit
nephron
functional unit of kidney
where reabsorption and secretion occurs
2 types
juxtamedullary - near medulla
cortical nephron - extend into medulla
part of nephron
efferent and afferent arteriole
glomerous
proximal convoluted tubule
nephron loop
distal convoluted tubule
collecting duct
STUDY NEPHRON STRUCTURE
STUDY NEPHRON STRUCTURE
glomerulus
bulb part of nephron
filters blood
glomerular capsule(bowmans capsule)
fibrous capsule around glomerous
catches the filtrate
filtration pressure
gradient where sub go fr high to low pressure
large sodium gradient
aquaporin
transport protien in descending limb for water trans
descending limb vs ascending limb
des - thin seg, more permeable to water
asc - thick seg, inhibit move water, selectively move segments (Na, Cl, K) using NKCC protein
NCCK protein
active transport protein like aquaporin
move Na, Cl, K
calcitrol vs. calcifediol
calcitrol - active form vit d
calcifediol - inactive form vit d
juxtaglomerular apparatus
group of cells on nephron that help reg blood pressure and urine formation
2 types cells
juxtaglomerular cells - help w blood pressure
macula densa cells - reg amount urine produced
renin
produced by juxtaglomerular apparatus
activate renin angiotensin aldersterone sys
what allows for bladder to be elastic
transitional epithelium
kidney function
maintain fluid, electrolyte, pH w urine prod
monitor blood o2 lvl
control vit D syn
where is water reabsorbed in the kidneys
proximal convoluted tubule and descending tubule
look at gills slides over urinary
look at gills slides over urinary
filtration
blood filtered in glomerulus
filtrate goes through the rest of the nephron
reabsorption
sub move ft pct, nephron loop, dct and collecting tube
things reabsorbed = water, glucose, amino acids, calcium, sodium, chloride, phosphate, bicarbonate
secretion
sub secreted = ammonium, creatinine, toxin, drugs
renin
raise blood pressure by increase vol of filtrate
cortical nephron vs juxtamedullary nephron
cortical - most types of nephron, used for excretory and regulation functions
juxtamedullary - less common, concentrate and dilute urine
