skeletal system Flashcards
endosteum
inner layer before bone
has cells for growth, repair, and remodel
periosteum
outer layer of bone
osteoblasts
syn bone matrix
mineralization of skeleton
secrete osteiod
osteocytes
when osteoblast stuck in lacunae
osteoclasts
demineralize bone
free up calcium stored
diaphysis
middle tubular shaft of bone
epiphysis
end of bone w growth plate
bone shapes
long bone - long
short bones - cube like
flat bone - thin and curved
irregular bone - not in any other category
sesamoid bone - usually near muscle or tendon
compact bone
dense bone
aka cortical bone
organized w osteons
spongy bone
aka cancellous bone
has matrix trabeculae
at epiphysis
contain osteocytes
Haversian canal
pathway for blood vessels and nerves in osteons
run vertically through the bone
lamellae
rings made of bone deposits
lacunae
small opening in lamellae
contain fluid and osteocytes
canaliculi
canals radiate fr lacunae
Volkmann canals
connect the verticle Haversian canals
type of bone formation
flat bones
- intramembranous develop in sheet like layers of connective tissue
tubular bones
- develop fr cartilage plates
steps for tubular bone development
formation of periosteum
develop primary and secondary ossification center
develop medullary cavity
form epiphyseal plate and spongy bone
types of joints made of
fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial
fibrous
held together by dense connective tissue
little to no movement
synovial
freely moveable and encapsulated w synovial
contain synovial fluid and cartilage
most joints
cartilaginous joints
joints made of cartilage connect bones
small movement
types of joint movement
ball and socket - round and round; variety movement
hinge - convex surface and concave socket; move in one plane
condyloid - modified ball and socket; ex wrist
gliding - flattened surfaces; carpal bones of wrist
pivot - semicircle and small circle inside; radius and humerus
saddle - like a saddle; carpal-metacarpal
inversion
twist foot towards body
eversion
twist foot away from body
