respiratory system

Question 1

what type of cell lines the nasal cavitiy

Answer 1

mucous secreting goblet cells

Question 2

conchae

Answer 2

bony protuberance in nasal cavity
- make turbulent flow of air to upper nasal cavity for smell

Question 3

parts of pharynx

Answer 3

nasopharynx - part of pharynx above soft palette
oropharynx - part of pharynx that is shared w digestive tract
laryngopharynx - extend to tip of epiglottis

Question 4

larynx

Answer 4

• contain thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage
• vocal chords(have false and true)

Question 5

lung anatomy

Answer 5

right lung - 3 lobes(superior, middle, inferior)
- horizontal and oblique fissure
left lung - 2 lobes (superior,inferior)
- oblique fissure

Question 6

lung fissure

Answer 6

• separates the different lobes

Question 7

visceral pleural membrane

Answer 7

lines the surface of the lung

Question 8

parietal pleural membrane

Answer 8

outer part of pleura

Question 9

ventilation

Answer 9

movement of respiratory gases btwn atmosphere and alveoli(inspiration and expiration)
- air flow in = pressure in lung lower then outside
- creates gradient
- diaphragm contract makes lung space bigger

Question 10

co2 and o2 diffusion

Answer 10

• co2 partial pressure is higher than o2 entering cells
• so they switch

Question 11

phrenic nerve

Answer 11

nerve controls diapragm

Question 12

type 1 alveolar cells

Answer 12

secretes mucous inside of alveolus; makes alveolar smaller

Question 13

type 2 alveolar cells

Answer 13

secretes surfactants inside alveolus; prevent alveolus from collapse

Question 14

surfactant

Answer 14

reduces surface tension so alveolus can expand

Question 15

respiratory acidosis

Answer 15

lower in blood pH due to increased amount of co2

Question 16

respiratory alkalosis

Answer 16

raise in blood pH due to low amounts of co2 in blood

Question 17

which part of the brain controls breathing

Answer 17

• brain stem( pons and medulla)

Question 18

surface tension

Answer 18

force created by weak bonds in water makes an inward pulling force

Question 19

how many o2 molecules can each hemoglobin carry

Answer 19

4

Question 20

how is co2 carried in blood

Answer 20

carbonic acid that has H+ as biproduct

Question 21

asthma

Answer 21

inflammation and narrowing of airways, wheezing, chest tightness
- cause can be environmental triggers or allergies

Question 22

pneumonia

Answer 22

bacterial infection w fluid build up in lungs

Question 23

tidal volume

Answer 23

air exiting lungs during resting

Question 24

residual volume

Answer 24

amount of air remaining in lungs after forceful exhalation

Question 25

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(copd)

Answer 25

combo bronchitis and emphysema
- inflammation of bronchi w increased mucous production

Question 26

lung complience

Answer 26

the elasticity of lung