Urinary system Flashcards
Describe the relationship between the glomerular filtrate in the renal tubule and the surrounding peritubular capillaries
Substances and water will be reabsorbed can go from the renal tubule -> peritubular capillaries
Substances and water will be secreted from the peritubular capillaries and into the renal tubule to be excreted
Talk about the late distal convoluted tubule
Principle cells reabsorb Na+ and secrete K+
Intercalated cells reabsorb K+ and HCO3- and secretes H+
ADH reabsorbs more water
Talk about the early distal convoluted tubule
Reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- and water
Talk about the ascending nephron loop
Not soluble to water
Reabsorbs solutes like Na+, Cl- and K+
Osmolarity therefore decreases
Talk about the descending nephron loop
Posses aquaporins which allows water to exit out of the loop
Nephron -> interstitial fluid -> peritubular capillaries -> systemic blood supply
Not soluble to solutes therefore osmolarity increases
What is filtrated in the renal corpuscle
Blood plasma
Discuss the proximal convoluted tubule
65% of water and sodium is reabsorbed
They exit at the same rate so osmolarity stays constant
(Ask me what osmolarity is) - solute concentration
Possess aquaporins making it soluble to water
Secretes H+, NH4+ and urea
Describe the layers of the glomerular capsule
Endothelial cells
Basal lamina
Fenestrated slits
Prevents platelets and blood cells
Describe the structure of the kidney
Renal corpuscle
- Glomerular capsule (or Bowman’s capsule) which surrounds
- Glomerulus - capillary network
Renal Tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Nephron loop or the Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Describe the broad process of urine exiting the body
Kidney
Ureter
Urinary Bladder
Urethra
What are the 7 functions of the kidney
Regulate blood pH Regulate ions Hormone production Blood osmolarity maintenance Regulate blood glucose Excrete waste Regulate blood pressure
