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Abdomen Registry > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Most common abdominal mass in NEWBORNS

A

MCDK

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2
Q

Is MCDK usually unilateral or bilateral?

A

Unilateral

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3
Q

Is ADPKD bilateral or unilateral?

A

Bilateral

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4
Q

40% of these patients also have polycystic liver disease

A

ADPKD

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5
Q

This is associated with berry aneurysms.

A

ADPKD

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6
Q

Most common cause of acute kidney injury/ acute renal failure…

A

Acute tubular necrosis

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7
Q

Most common renal mass

A

Simple cyst

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8
Q

Most common cause of chronic renal failure

A

Diabetes

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9
Q

People with this disease have an increased risk of renal cysts and angiomyolipomas

A

Tuberous sclerosis

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10
Q

Most common NEONATE/INFANT renal tumor

A

Mesoblastic nephroma

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11
Q

Leading cause of kidney transplants

A

Diabetes

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12
Q

Albrights/ Anderson-Carr disease is also known as…

A

Nephrocalcinosis

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13
Q

Hyperechoic medullary pyramids…

A

Medullary Sponge Kidney

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14
Q

Due to chronically failed kidneys during long term HEMODIALYSIS/DIALYSIS.
-At risk for RCC

A

Acquired Cystic Disease

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15
Q

Imaging patients with Von Hippel-Lindau disease should focus on…

A

Kidneys, adrenals, pancreas

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16
Q

Most common bladder neoplasm

A

TCC(transitional cell carcinoma)

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17
Q

Most common sign of TCC

A

Hematuria

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18
Q

Most common solid renal mass in adult

A

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)

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19
Q

Renal Cell Carcinoma AKA’s

A
  • Hypernephroma

- adenocarcinoma of kidney

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20
Q

When scanning patients with RCC, check for tumor extension in—

A

Renal veins and IVC

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21
Q

With RCC, ____ is the most common site of metastases

A

The lungs

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22
Q

Angiomyolipoma: __% involve the ___ kidney

A

80% in the RIGHT kidney

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23
Q

Angiomyolipomas are typically (bilateral or unilateral) in patients with tuberous sclerosis

A

Bilateral

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24
Q

Characterized by tumors and/or cysts of central nervous system

A

Von Hippel-Lindau

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25
Q

Most common CHILDHOOD renal tumor

A

Wilms/nephroblastoma

26
Q

Wilms tumor is associated with:

A

Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome

27
Q

If normal renal contour is maintained, an abdominal mass is most likely: (Wilms tumor or Neuroblamsoma)

A

Neuroblastoma

28
Q

Diminished sinus echoes, loss of corticomedullary distinction may indicate

A

Acute pyelonephritis

29
Q

Focal pylonephritis is also called

A
  • Acute focal bacterial nephritis

- Lobar nephronia

30
Q

More commonly occurring in DIABETICS, women, air/gas in kidney, unilateral, enlarged, hypoechoic, dirty shadowing

A

Emphysematous pyelonephritis

31
Q

Staghorn calculus

A

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

32
Q

Ultrasound shows dilated collecting system with debris. Surgical drainage is required for treatment.

A

Pyonephrosis

33
Q

Renal injury due to recurrent renal infection

A

Chronic pyelonephritis

34
Q

Mycetoma—

A

Fungal ball

35
Q

Mycetoma appears:

A

Hyperechoic, nonshadowing, typically in renal pelvis

36
Q

Most common infectious cause of acute glomerulonephritis

A

Strep (Streptococcus)

37
Q

Most common area of obstruction for renal stone

A

UVJ

38
Q

A resistive index of greater than ___ is suggestive of obstructive hydronephrosis

A

> 0.7

39
Q

Bilateral hydronephrosis suggests

A

Obstruction at the level of or distal to the bladder. (PUV, ureterocele)

40
Q

Megaureter measures:

A

> 7mm

41
Q

Most common cause of nephrocalcinosis in adults

A

Primary hyperparathyroidism

42
Q

Ischemia of the medullary pyramids and papillae

A

Papillary necrosis

43
Q

Bright echoes seen at the base of pyramids—

A

Papillary necrosis

44
Q

Increased sinus fat that replaces normal renal parenchyma

A

Renal sinus lipomatosis

45
Q

Increased sinus echoes with cortical thinning

A

Renal sinus lipomatosis

46
Q

Nondistended bladder wall thickness:

A

< 5 mm

47
Q

Distended bladder wall thickness:

A

< 3 mm

48
Q

Cystic structure superior and anterior to bladder

A

Urachal cyst

49
Q

Ureteroceles most commonly found in association with:

A

Complete ureteral duplication

50
Q

Renal artery/ Aorta ratio(RAR) in a stenosis:

A

> 3.5

51
Q

Most common CHILDHOOD adrenal mass

A

Neuroblastoma

52
Q

Most common NEONATE adrenal mass

A

Adrenal hemorrhage

53
Q

Inflammation of the bladder

A

Cystitis

54
Q

Most common congenital anomaly of the urinary tract

A

Duplicated collecting system

55
Q

Analgesic abuse is the most common cause of what renal abnormality?

A

Papillary necrosis

56
Q

Arteries that course parallel to renal capsule. Separate the medulla from the cortex

A

Arcuate

57
Q

Arteries that course between the pyramids

A

Interlobar

58
Q

Arteries that course perpendicular to renal capsule, entering parenchyma

A

Interlobular

59
Q

Cyst that originates in parenchyma and bulges into the central sinus, doesn’t connect to collecting system

A

Parapelvic

60
Q

Cysts in the central sinus

A

Peripelvic

61
Q

Chronic/Acute pyelonephritis is more common in women or men?

A

Women

Abdomen Registry (21 decks)

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