Liver Flashcards
Hepatic veins are _____segmental
INTERsegmental
Portal veins are ____segmental
INTRAsegmental
Main lobar fissure separates ____ & _____ lobes
Right and left lobes
Falciform ligament/ligamentum teres divide
Medial and lateral left lobes
Caudate lobe occupies the ______ surface of the liver
Posterior superior
Caudate lobe is drained by ____ veins
Emissary veins
Enlargement of the caudate lobe can happen with
Cirrhosis and Budd Chiari
Remnant of fetal umbilical vein
Ligamentum teres
Direction of fetal circulation
- Umbilical vein
- LPV
- Ductus venosus
- IVC
Hepatic vein waveforms
Triphasic
- caused by histoplasmosis or tuberculosis
- calcifications in liver and/or spleen
- Small collections of macrophages
Granulomas
“Starry night”
Acute hepatitis
Round hypoechoic/complex mass typically in the right lobe
- TRAVELERS/IMMIGRANTS
Amebic abscess
Most common source for pyogenic liver abscess
Biliary tract disease
Aka round ligament
Ligamentum teres
“Wheel within a wheel”
Candidiasis/fungal
Abscess more common in IMMUNOCOMPROMISED patients
Candidiasis
Multiple cysts that DONT communicate with biliary tree
Polycystic liver disease
AKA steatosis
Fatty infiltration
Most common glycogen storage disease
Von gierke (type 1)
Abnormal iron deposits in organs
Hemochromatosis
Hemochromatosis is best evaluated with
MRI
Disorder of copper metabolism that can lead to cirrhosis
Wilson’s disease
1 cause of cirrhosis
Hep C
2 cause of cirrhosis
Alcohol
Cirrhosis has an increased risk for developing
HCC
“Hydatid disease”
Echinococcal cyst
Common in sheep herding countries
Echinococcal/hydatid
Water lily sign
“Daughter cysts”
Echinococcal/hydatid
Early stages of echinococcal/hydatid cyst may contain cysts with debris called
Hydatid sand
Tests for echinococcal/hydatid disease
- ELISA
- Casoni skin test
Parasite that causes portal hypertension
Schistosomiasis
Major cause of portal hypertension
Cirrhosis
TIPS is placed between
RPV & RHV
Hepatic vein and IVC obstruction
Budd chiari
Most common benign tumor of liver
Cavernous hemangioma
Most common benign vascular tumor in infancy
Infantile hemangioendothelioma
2 most common benign liver mass
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
“Stealth lesion”
FNH
Central fibrous scar
FNH
Occur mostly in women of childbearing age and are strongly associated with oral contraceptive pills
Adenoma
Artifact that is produced by lipomas
Propagation speed artifact
Most common primary malignancy of liver
HCC
HCC labs:
AFP
Hepatic adenoma is also associated with this disease:
Glycogen storage disease
1 pediatric primary liver malignancy
Hepatoblastoma
Strong sonographic sign of malignancy in liver
Halo sign
Hypoechoic metastases comes from:
Lymphoma
Hyperechoic metastases comes from:
GI tract
Bulls eye or target metastases comes from:
Lung
Calcified metastases comes from:
Mucinous adenocarcinoma of colon
Cystic metastases comes from
Leiomyosarcoma
Hepatoblastoma is associated with this genetic condition
Beckwith Wiedemann
Hepatoblastoma labs:
AFP