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Abdomen Registry > Thyroid/neck > Flashcards

Thyroid/neck Flashcards

1
Q

The strap muscles are located _____ to the thyroid

A

Anterior

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2
Q

The sternocleidomastoid muscle is located _____ to the thyroid

A

Anterior lateral

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3
Q

CCA is_____ to the thyroid

A

Lateral

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4
Q

The minor neurovascular bundle is _____ to the thyroid

A

Posterior

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5
Q

The longus coli muscle is _______ to the thyroid

A

Posterior

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6
Q

The parathyroid glands are _______ to the thyroid

A

Posterior

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7
Q

The risk of malignancy (increases/decreases) with multiple nodules

A

Decreases

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8
Q

Thyroid arterial supply is from

A

Superior and inferior thyroid arteries

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9
Q

The superior thyroid artery branches from the

A

ECA

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10
Q

The inferior thyroid artery branches from the

A

Subclavian artery

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11
Q

The most abundant hormone of the thyroid is

A

Thyroxine (T4)

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12
Q

The largest salivary gland

A

Parotid

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13
Q

The parotid gland is located

A

Anterior to the ear and extend inferior

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14
Q

The parotid gland is drained by the

A

Stensen duct

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15
Q

The Wharton duct drains the

A

Submandibular gland

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16
Q

Sialolithiasis most commonly occurs in which salivary gland

A

Submandubular

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17
Q

Sialadenosis is

A

Non inflammatory enlargement of salivary gland

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18
Q

Sialadenosis most commonly affects which salivary gland

A

Parotid gland

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19
Q

Most common benign tumor of the salivary glands

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

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20
Q

Pleomorphic adenomas most commonly affect:

A

Parotid gland

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21
Q

Most common malignancy of the salivary glands

A

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

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22
Q

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma typically starts in which salivary gland

A

Parotid

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23
Q

Venous blood flow for the thyroid include what vessels:

A

Superior, middle, inferior thyroid veins

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24
Q

The _____ & _____thyroid veins drain into the internal jugular vein

A

Superior and middle

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25
Q

The _____ thyroid vein drains into the innominate vein

A

Inferior thyroid vein

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26
Q

Increase in TSH and decrease in T3/T4

A

Hypothyroidism

27
Q

Decrease in TSH and increase in T3/T4

A

Hyperthyroidism

28
Q

Most common type of thyroid adenoma

A

Follicular

29
Q

Most common primary thyroid cancer

A

Papillary carcinoma

30
Q

Papillary carcinoma is usually spread throughout the body through the

A

Lymphatics

31
Q

Second most common thyroid cancer

A

Follicular carcinoma

32
Q

Follicular carcinoma is spread via:

33
Q

Least common thyroid cancer

A

Medullary carcinoma

34
Q

This cancer is associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia(MEN) syndrome

A

Medullary carcinoma

35
Q

Medullary carcinoma typically secretes what hormone?

A

Calcitonin

36
Q

Presence of ____ within thyroid masses seem to increase likely hood of malignancy

A

Microcalcifications

37
Q

Most common cause of hypothyroidism

38
Q

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism

A

Graves’ disease

39
Q

Psammoma bodies are:

A

Microcalcifications

40
Q

(Hot or cold) nodules are more likely cancer

41
Q

Isthmus measurement of ___ indicates thyroid enlargement

42
Q

Solid/soft nodules are more likely malignant

43
Q

Most common WORLDWIDE cause of goiter

A

Iodine deficiency

44
Q

Most common cause of goiter in US

A

Hashimotos

45
Q

Parathyroid is ____ to the thyroid

46
Q

Most common type of hyperparathyroidism

A

Primary hyperparathyroidism

47
Q

Primary hyperparathyroidism is most commonly cause by

A

Parathyroid adenoma(PTA)

48
Q

Lab value for primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Increased PTH & Calcium

49
Q

Most common manifestation of multiple endocrine neoplasia(MEN)

A

Hyperparathyroidism

50
Q

Results in bone demineralization and calcification of soft tissue and vascular structures

A

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

51
Q

Occurs in patients with CRF

A

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

52
Q

Lab values of secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Decreased calcium

Increased phosphates

53
Q

Sialadenitis is most common in which salivary gland

A

Parotid gland

54
Q

Salivary glands located beneath the jaw, level 1

A

Submandibular

55
Q

Salivary glands located beneath the tongue

A

Sublingual

56
Q

Sublingual glands are ____ to the submandibular glands

57
Q

Most common superficial MIDLINE neck mass

A

Thyroglossal duct cyst

58
Q

Cystic mass on the LATERAL aspect of the neck

A

Branchial cleft cyst

59
Q

Branches of the aortic arch

A
  • Innominate(brachiocephalic)
  • left CCA
  • left Subclavian
60
Q

First branch of ICA

A

Opthalamic artery

61
Q

First branch of ECA

A

Superior thyroid artery

62
Q

Thyroid mass that occurs at a higher incidence in females, and also those people with history of chest/neck radiation

A

Papillary carcinoma

63
Q

Levels ____ & _____ are most commonly affected by tumor recurrence

A

Level 3 and 4 lymph nodes

64
Q

Most common bilateral cancer of thyroid

Abdomen Registry (21 decks)

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