Urinary - Part 4 (Cystic Disease & Trauma)

Question 1

___% of people over 60yrs with simple cortical cyst

Answer 1

30%

Question 2

complex cyst characteristics (4)

Answer 2

internal echoes
septations
calcifications
mural nodularity

Question 3

complex cyst with thick septa (size?) and what other feature is an ominous sign?

Answer 3

> 1cm septa and thick wall attachment is ominous

Question 4

milk of calcium cyst sono app (echogenicity and artifact)

Answer 4

bright echogenic foci with ringdown artifact

Question 5

what cyst does not communicate with collecting system?

Answer 5

parapelvic

Question 6

what does parapelvic cysts mimic?

Answer 6

hydronephrosis, so make sure you show noncontinuity with collecting system

Question 7

what is the most common hereditary renal disorder?

Answer 7

polycystic kidney disease (autosomal dominant)

Question 8

what does ADPKD result in?

Answer 8

large number of bilateral cortical/medullary renal cysts

Question 9

what are ADPKD patients at increased risk for

Answer 9

RCC

Question 10

very enlarged kidneys (>20 cm) are seen with which kidney disease

Answer 10

ADPKD

Question 11

What do you suspect if you see echogenic pyramids

Answer 11

medullary sponge kidney - hard to see cysts

Question 12

what is an inherited condition that leads to scarring of the kidney and cyst formation?

Answer 12

medullary cystic kidney disease (MCKD1)

Question 13

what appears similar to ADPKD (2)

Answer 13

localized cystic disease

Tuberous sclerosis

Question 14

Von Hippel Lindau disease

Answer 14

if have pancreatic cyst, may have this as well

multifocal, bilateral

Question 15

minor injury trauma

Answer 15

most common
contusions, subcapsular hematoma, cortical infarcts
superficial lacerations

Question 16

major injury trauma

Answer 16

renal lacerations

Question 17

catastrophic injury trauma

Answer 17

vascular pedicle injury - shattered kidney

Question 18

renal stent purpose

Answer 18

if obstruction, used to help drain kidney

Question 19

sono criteria to characterize simple cyst (4)

Answer 19

anechoic
sharp defined back wall
round/ovoid
posterior enhancement

Question 20

internal echoes within wall due to (2)

Answer 20

hemorrhage

infection

Question 21

complex vs malignant calcification

Answer 21

thin wall / septal calcification suggests complex cyst rather than malignancy
thick irregular amorphous calcificaiton more worrisome

Question 22

ADPKD sono app (3)

Answer 22

very enlarged kidneys (>20cm)
multiple bilateral cysts of varying sizes
little cortex variable

Question 23

medullary sponge kidney characterized by

Answer 23

congenital, dilated collecting tubules

Question 24

what is a NON-hereditary developmental anomaly?

Answer 24

Multicystic dysplastic Kidney

Question 25

how is multicystic dysplastic kidney characterized

Answer 25

kidney is small, malformed with multiple cysts

unilateral, asymptomatic

Question 26

inherited conditions (2)

Answer 26

ADPKD - polycystic kidney disease
MCKD1 - medullary cystic kidney disease
NOT multicystic dysplastic kidney

Question 27

sono app of multiocular cystic nephroma (3)

Answer 27

multiseptated
exophytic complex cystic mass
non-communicating

Question 28

in which kidney disease is biopsy not recommended

Answer 28

multiocular cystic nephroma

Question 29

what mimics ADPKD?

Answer 29

localized cystic disease

Question 30

tuberculoosis sclerosis is associated with (2)

Answer 30

angiomyolipoma

RCC