Urinary - Part 4 (Cystic Disease & Trauma) Flashcards
___% of people over 60yrs with simple cortical cyst
30%
complex cyst characteristics (4)
internal echoes
septations
calcifications
mural nodularity
complex cyst with thick septa (size?) and what other feature is an ominous sign?
> 1cm septa and thick wall attachment is ominous
milk of calcium cyst sono app (echogenicity and artifact)
bright echogenic foci with ringdown artifact
what cyst does not communicate with collecting system?
parapelvic
what does parapelvic cysts mimic?
hydronephrosis, so make sure you show noncontinuity with collecting system
what is the most common hereditary renal disorder?
polycystic kidney disease (autosomal dominant)
what does ADPKD result in?
large number of bilateral cortical/medullary renal cysts
what are ADPKD patients at increased risk for
RCC
very enlarged kidneys (>20 cm) are seen with which kidney disease
ADPKD
What do you suspect if you see echogenic pyramids
medullary sponge kidney - hard to see cysts
what is an inherited condition that leads to scarring of the kidney and cyst formation?
medullary cystic kidney disease (MCKD1)
what appears similar to ADPKD (2)
localized cystic disease
Tuberous sclerosis
Von Hippel Lindau disease
if have pancreatic cyst, may have this as well
multifocal, bilateral
minor injury trauma
most common
contusions, subcapsular hematoma, cortical infarcts
superficial lacerations
major injury trauma
renal lacerations
catastrophic injury trauma
vascular pedicle injury - shattered kidney
renal stent purpose
if obstruction, used to help drain kidney
sono criteria to characterize simple cyst (4)
anechoic
sharp defined back wall
round/ovoid
posterior enhancement
internal echoes within wall due to (2)
hemorrhage
infection
complex vs malignant calcification
thin wall / septal calcification suggests complex cyst rather than malignancy
thick irregular amorphous calcificaiton more worrisome
ADPKD sono app (3)
very enlarged kidneys (>20cm)
multiple bilateral cysts of varying sizes
little cortex variable
medullary sponge kidney characterized by
congenital, dilated collecting tubules
what is a NON-hereditary developmental anomaly?
Multicystic dysplastic Kidney
how is multicystic dysplastic kidney characterized
kidney is small, malformed with multiple cysts
unilateral, asymptomatic
inherited conditions (2)
ADPKD - polycystic kidney disease
MCKD1 - medullary cystic kidney disease
NOT multicystic dysplastic kidney
sono app of multiocular cystic nephroma (3)
multiseptated
exophytic complex cystic mass
non-communicating
in which kidney disease is biopsy not recommended
multiocular cystic nephroma
what mimics ADPKD?
localized cystic disease
tuberculoosis sclerosis is associated with (2)
angiomyolipoma
RCC
