Liver Questions

Question 1

Explain the most common cause of Hydatid disease

Answer 1

A parasite tapeworm, swallowed by sheep, cattle, freed in the duodenum reaches liver via PV

Question 2

Sono appearance of Hydatid liver disease

Answer 2

A cystic mass with smaller daughter cysts

Question 3

Describe the classic sono appearance of hemangioma

Answer 3

Homogenous
Hyperechoic
Small (<3 cm diameter)
Singular/multiple
May be lobulated

Question 4

What causes increased echogenicity of hemangioma?

Answer 4

Numerous interfaces between the walls of the cavernous sinuses and blood within them

Question 5

Is colour doppler helpful in diagnosing cavernous hemangioma?

Answer 5

No, the flow is too slow

Question 6

What is the most common benign tumour of the liver?

Answer 6

cavernous hemangioma

Question 7

What is the differential diagnosis when hemangiomas are seen? (2)

Answer 7

Mets from colon - LFT will be increased

HCC - Hx of cirrhosis or hepatitis

Question 8

cavernous hemangioma sono appearance

Answer 8

Sono appearance can change with bleeding - duration and amount of hemorrhage

Question 9

Patient s/s when a lesion hemorrhages? (2)

Answer 9

acute abdo pain

palpable mass

Question 10

Why is resection of adenomas recommended? (2)

Answer 10

hemorrhage risks

malignant degeneration

Question 11

Sono appearance of FNH

Answer 11

isoechoic (usually)
hyper, hypo (can be)
stellate vascular pattern
central scar

Question 12

are hemangiomas symptomatic?

Answer 12

no

Question 13

what shows no increase in LFTs

Answer 13

hemangiomas

adenomas

Question 14

spoke wheel

Answer 14

FNH

Question 15

what is hypervascular and sometimes symptomatic (of the benign tumours)?

Answer 15

adenoma

Question 16

starry night appearance

Answer 16

acute hepatitis

Question 17

bright periportal walls and hypoechoic parenchyma

Answer 17

hepatitis

Question 18

following an acute bout of cholangitis, cholecystitis - what usually forms?

Answer 18

abcess

Question 19

alcohol abuse and hep C account for most cases of what

Answer 19

cirrhosis

Question 20

these are complications of what:
portal hypertension
ascites
splenomegaly
varices

Answer 20

cirrhosis

Question 21

name the pathology: dilated portal tracts

Answer 21

schistoomiasis

Question 22

name the pathology: multiple small absesses

Answer 22

candidiasis

Question 23

name the pathology: immunosuppressed patient

Answer 23

candidiasis

Question 24

2nd most commonly seen benign lesion

Answer 24

FNH

Question 25

name the pathology: | reversible metabolic disease

Answer 25

steatosis

Question 26

name the pathology: | broken diaphragm sign

Answer 26

fatty tumour

Question 27

name the pathology: | aurora sign

Answer 27

lung parenchymal disease

Question 28

name the pathology: | collection of blood following a trauma

Answer 28

hematoma

Question 29

name the pathology: | gas producing bacteria in a collection

Answer 29

abscess

Question 30

name the pathology: | focal mass on cirrhotic liver

Answer 30

HCC

Question 31

the most common parasitic disease

Answer 31

schistosomiasis

Question 32

name the pathology: | periportal hypoechoic area on fatty liver

Answer 32

focal sparing

Question 33

name the pathology: | brightly echogenic enlarged liver

Answer 33

diffuse fatty infiltration

Question 34

name the pathology: | nodular liver with irregular contour

Answer 34

cirrhosis

Question 35

name the pathology: | anechoic smooth walls, posterior enhancement

Answer 35

simple cyst

Question 36

name the pathology: | daughter cysts

Answer 36

hydatid disease

Question 37

NASH appears as (2)

Answer 37

dense fatty infiltration | cirrhosis

Question 38

what is the most common cause of portal hypertension

Answer 38

cirrhosis

Question 39

what is the most common cause of a calcified liver tumour

Answer 39

mets

Question 40

what is HCC indistinguishable from (3)

Answer 40

focal fat hemangiomas lipomas

Question 41

what is a fatty tumour indistinguishable from (3)

Answer 41

focal fat hemangioma mets

Question 42

glycogen storage disease indistinguishable from (1)

Answer 42

diffuse fatty infiltration (but different age group-neonatal)