Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

2 RENAL > Urinary Continence and Renal System Pain > Flashcards

Urinary Continence and Renal System Pain Flashcards

1
Q

what are the motor functions of the renal system

A

Ureteric peristalsis
Bladder contraction
Urethral sphincter control (internal and external urethral sphincters)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where is pain sensed in the renal system

A 
kidney pain 
ureter pain 
bladder pain 
urethra pain 
pain from testes - not technically renal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is urinary continence

A

the voluntary control of the elimination of urine from the bladder

this is a motor and sensory function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

where does the lumbar and sacral plexus give innervation to (motor and sensory)

A

perineum (distal part of renal system)

lower limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what nerve fibres convey sensations from the body wall to the CNS

A

somatic sensory

soma meaning wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what nerve fibres convey sensations from the viscera (organs) to the CNS

A

visceral afferent nerve fibres

afferent - towards brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what nerve fibres stimulate movement in the body wall from the CNS

A

somatic motor

stimulate skeletal muscle voluntarily to contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what nerve fibres stimulate movement in internal organs from the CNS

A

parasympathetic nerve fibres OR sympathetic move fibres

sympathetic stimulate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle or glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what nerve fibres control ureteric peristalsis

A

sympathetic/parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what nerve fibres control bladder contraction

A

sympathetic/parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what nerve fibres control internal and external urethral sphincter control

A

sympathetic/parasympathetic (internal sphincter in males)

somatic motor (external sphincter and levaor ani)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what nerves sense pain in the urethra

A

visceral afferent in the pelvis

somatic sensory in the perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how do nerves communicated with CNS

A

via either cranial nerves or spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what types of nerves are carried the entire length of spinal/cranial nerves

A

somatic motor

somatic sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how do sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves and visceral afferents make use of the cranial/spinal nerves

A

travel along them for limited portions to get in and out of CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where do sympathetic nerve fibres leave the spinal cord

A

only within the spinal nerves between spinal cord levels
T1-L2

(thoracolumbar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how do sympathetic fibres reach the smooth muscle/glands of the body wall

A

from within the spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how do sympathetic fibres reach the smooth muscle/glands of the body (other than the wall)

A

through splanchnic nerves (cardiopulmonary or abdominopelvic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how do sympathetic fibres reach the smooth muscle/glands of the head

A

by ‘hitching a ride’ with arteries supplying the same structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what do sympathetic fibres do

A

supply motor innervation to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what fibres do the spinal nerves carry

A

somatic motor
somatic sensory
sympathetic fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

how many spinal nerves are there

A

31 pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how many cranial nerves are there

A

12 pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

where does the sympathetic chain run

A

entire length of the vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
how do sympathetic nerve fibres get from the CNS to the kidneys, ureters and bladder
leave spinal cord at T10 and L2 enter sympathetic chain leave sympathetic chain with abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves synapse at the abdominal sympathetic ganglia which are located around the abdominal aorta then pass from ganglia to the surface or arteries which are heading to the organs they innervate
26
what is the collection of nerve fibres found on the outside of arteries called
periarterial plexus
27
what nerve fibres (other than sympathetic) are in periarterial plexuses
parasympathetic visceral afferent (bc they all go to/come back from the same organ)
28
how do parasympathetic nerve fibres reach the hindgut and pelvic organs
pelvic splanchnic nerves
29
how do parasympathetic fibres reach the smooth muscle/glands of the head
via cranial nerves III, VII, IX and X
30
how do parasympathetic nerve fibres get from the CNS to the kidneys, ureters and bladder
carried within the VAGUS nerve to kidneys and ureter carried with pelvic splanchnic nerves to bladder
31
what part of the renal system do somatic motor nerves go to
the perineum (eg, urethral distal to pelvic floor and its sphincter) as there's are part of the body wall
32
where can pain from a calculus in the ureter be filled
'loin to groin' on addicted side
33
where can pain from the kidney itself be felt (eg. in acute hydronephrosis)
the loin | posterior aspect of the flank region on the affected side
34
where is pain from the bladder felt
in the suprapubic region (midline)
35
where is pain from the perineal part of the urethra felt
localised in the perineum
36
how do visceral afferent nerve fibres get from the kidney to the CNS
visceral afferents run along side sympathetic fibres back to the spinal cord enter spinal cord between T11 and L1
37
why is pain felt in the loin from the kidney
because it is the T11-L1 dermatome posteriorly
38
what other things could cause loin pain
``` skin origin (herpes zoster) muscular vertebrae spinal nerve route compression lower lobe pneumonia ```
39
how do visceral afferents get from ureters to CNS
visceral afferents run along side sympathetic fibres back to the spinal cord enter spinal cord between T11 and L2
40
where is pain from the urethra felt
anywhere along the path of the visceral afferents (from ureter up to T11/L2)
41
what are some differentials of groin pain
hernias lymphadenopathy testicular pathology
42
how do visceral afferent nerve fibres get from bladder to CNS
visceral afferents from the top part of the bladder (touching peritoneum) run along side sympathetic nerve fibres visceral afferents from the rest of the bladder (not touching peritoneum) run along side the parasympathetic nerve fibres to sacral spinal levels S2,3,4
43
what are the differentials of suprapubic pain
hind gut organs (sigmoid diverticula) | other single, midline pelvic organs who's superior aspect touched the peritoneum (uterus)
44
how do visceral afferents get from the proximal urethra to the CNS
from the proximal urethra (above levator ani) run along side parasympathetic fibres up to the spinal nerves
45
how do somatic sensory nerve fibres from the remaining urethra get to the CNS
carried with the PUDENAL nerve back to the spinal cord levels S2,3,4 pain from this part of the urethra presents as localised within the perineum
46
what are the differential diagnosis's for perineal pain
vaginal tear anal canal fissure perineal genital ulcers (herpes)
47
how to visceral afferents get from the testes to CNS
run along side sympathetic fibres back to spinal cord level T10-11 (due to embryological descent)
48
why can pain from the testes present as localised to the scrotum and/or groin
due to its close relationship to the scrotal wall (body wall)
49
what is the differentials for scrotal pain
skin lesions | strangulated inguinal hernia
50
what type of pain comes from the kidney
dully achy type pain in loin
51
what type of pain comes from ureters
if obstruction 'loin to groin' pain
52
what type of pain comes from the bladder
dull, achy, suprapubic pain
53
what type of pain comes from the urethra
distal urethra - sharp localised pain in the perineum
54
what type of pain comes from the testes
often felt in scrotum but can radiate to groin and lower abdomen
55
what spinal cord levels are essential in controlling urine for
S2-S4
56
what senses the filling of the bladder
stretch receptors at the end of visceral afferent nerve fibres this info is sent to CNS via S2,3,4 spinal cord levels
57
what happens after the CNS senses a full bladder
emptying of bladder by stimulation of detrusor muscle and inhibition of internal urethral sphincter (in males)
58
what gives us the ability to voluntarily control the flow of urine
overriding of the reface by inhibitory nerve fibres from the cortex
59
what happens once inhibitors of the reflex to empty the bladder is lifted
co-ordinated contraction/relaxation of: - detrussor muscle (parasympathetic) - internal urethral sphincter (parasympathetic) - external urethral sphincter and levator ani muscle (somatic motor) - anterolateral abdominal wall muscles (somatic motor)
60
where does the pudenal nerve arise from
the sacral plexus | S2,3,4
61
where does the sciatic nerve arise from
the sacral plexus | L4-S3
62
what nerves arise from the lumbar plexus that supply the lower limb
``` iliohypogastric ilioinguinal lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh genitofemoral femoral obturator ```
63
where does the femoral nerve pass after the sacral plexus (L2,3,4)
under the inguinal ligament into the anterior compartment of the thigh
64
where does the obturator nerve pass after the sacral plexus (L2,3,4)
through the obturator foramen (pelvis) and into the medial compartment fo the thigh
65
where does the sciatic nerve pass after the sacral plexus (L4-S3)
into the posterior compartment of the thigh via the gluteal region
66
what does the sciatic nerve split into
tibial (posterior compartment of leg and intrinsic muscles of the foot) and common fibular nerves
67
what does the common fibular nerve supply
splits into superficial and deep superficial - lateral compartment of leg deep - anterior compartment of leg
68
what nerves supplies the plantar aspect of the foot
tibial
69
what nerve supplies sensation to the lateral aspect of the foot
sural nerve
70
what nerve supplies sensation to the 1st web space of the foot
deep fibular
71
what nerve supplies sensation to the dorsal surface of the foot
superficial fibular
72
what nerve fibres stimulate detrusor contraction in bladder emptying
parasympathetic
73
what nerve fibres stimulate the urethral sphincter control (external) in bladder emptying
somatic motor fibres within the pudenal nerve stimulated it to contract
74
what nerve fibres stimulate the internal urethral sphincter control and when (males)
sympathetic fibres stimulate internal urethral sphincter contraction (during ejaculation) parasympathetic relax it in urination to let urine flow through

2 RENAL (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions