Urinary

Question 1

From upper and largest urogenital sinus; initially forms the allantois

Answer 1

Urinary bladder

Question 2

Fibrous cord formed by the obliteration of the allantois

Answer 2

Urachus

Question 3

3 divisions of male urethra

Answer 3

• prostatic
• membranous
• penile/ spongy

Question 4

Derived from ectodermal cells of the glans penis

Answer 4

Distal spongy/ penile urethra

Question 5

Failure of one kidney to ascend

Answer 5

Pelvic kidney

Question 6

Formed formed blind tubules probably due to improper linkage between collecting ducts and DCT

Answer 6

Renal Cysts or polycystic cysts

Question 7

Fusion of both kidneys at their ends and failure to fuse kidney to ascend

Answer 7

Horseshoe kidney

Question 8

Result of early fusion of uteric buds in the pelvis

Answer 8

Rosette kidney

Question 9

How many liters of blood is filtered by the kidneys

Answer 9

> 200l/day

Question 10

What are the functions of kidney?

Answer 10

• filter blood
• regulate solute concentration of blood
• regulation of blood volume/ pressure (renin)
• ph regulation of ECF
• regulation of rbc synthesis (erythropoietin)
• vitamin d activation and produce glucose during starvation

Question 11

The bean-shaped kidney lie in a retroperitoneal position in the superior lumbar region and extend extend from the _____ to ____ vertebra

Answer 11

T12 to L3

Question 12

True or False:

The right kidney is lower than the left because it is crowded by the liver but the same ureter length

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Entrance and exit of ureters, blood vessels, lymphatics and nerve

Answer 13

Renal Hilus

Question 14

Structures found anteriorly from the right kidney

Answer 14

• Hepatic flexure
• duodenum
• ascending colon

Question 15

Structure found laterally from the right kidney

Answer 15

Paracolic gutter (part of ascending colon)

Question 16

Structures found medially from the right kidney

Answer 16

IVC and paracaval nodes

Question 17

Structures found superiorly from the right kidney

Answer 17

• adrenal glands
• liver
• diaphragm

Question 18

Structures found superiorly from the left kidney

Answer 18

• adrenal glands
• diaphragm
• spleen

Question 19

Structures found medially from the left kidney

Answer 19

Aorta and para aortic nodes

Question 20

Structures found laterally from the left kidney

Answer 20

Paracolic gutter (portion of DESCENDING COLON)

Question 21

Structures found anteriorly from the left kidney

Answer 21

Splenic flexure and portion of small intestine

Question 22

3 layer of connective tissue that protects the kidney

Answer 22

Inner - renal capsule
Middle - Perirenal Fat
Outer - Gerota’s fascia and pararenal fat

Question 23

Fascia that formed from the condensation of areolar tissue and lies outside the perirenal fat which encloses the kidney and adrenal glands

Answer 23

Gerotas fascia

Question 24

Fat outside the renal fascia

Answer 24

Pararenal fat

Question 25

Aka gerotas fascia

Answer 25

Renal fascia

Question 26

Forms renal columns which extend between medullary pyramids

Answer 26

Renal Cortex

Question 27

Give the structures contain in the renal cortex

Answer 27

Glomeruli, Bowman’s capsule, PCT, DCT

Question 28

Consists of 10-18 striated pyramids and contains collecting ducts and loop of henle

Answer 28

Renal medulla

Question 29

Cushions the kidneys and helps attach to it to the body wall

Answer 29

PerirenL fascia

Question 30

Dense fibrous connective tissue that anchors the kidney

Answer 30

Gerotas fascia

Question 31

Made up of parallel bundles of urine collecting tubules

Answer 31

Pyramid

Question 32

Inward extensions of cortical tissue that separates the pyramid

Answer 32

Renal columns