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Anatomy > Olfaction And Taste > Flashcards

Olfaction And Taste Flashcards

1
Q

First symptom when first neurons are damaged

A

Phantosmia

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2
Q

Sudden feeling that you’re smelling something. Related to trauma or prior to seizure.

A

Uncinate fits

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3
Q

No sense of smell

A

Anosmia

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4
Q

Part of limbic system which is associated with memory and emotion

A

Olfactory bulb

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5
Q

Loss of smell acuity, common in normal aging, decreases apetite

A

Hyposmia

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6
Q

Located in the roof of the nasal cavity on the inferior surface of the cribriform plate and along the nasal septum and medial wall of superior turbinate

A

Nasal mucosa

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7
Q

Projections to the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus are relayed to the orbitofrontal cortex

A

Discriminative function of olfaction

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8
Q

Area 28

A

Entorhinal cortex

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9
Q

Association cortex for olfaction

A

Area 28

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10
Q

Situated in the anterior part of parahippocampal gyrus

A

Area 28

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11
Q

Primary olfactory cortex

A

Prepyriform and preamygdaloid

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12
Q

Secondary olfactory cortex

A

Area 28

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13
Q

Cell types in bulb and tracts

A
  • mitral
  • tufted
  • pyramidal
  • stellate (granule/golgi II)
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14
Q

Caudal expansion of olfactory tract

A

Olfactory trigone

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15
Q

Association cortex for olfaction

A

Area 28

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16
Q

Site of overlap between the limbic and olfactory system

A

Area 28

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17
Q

Becomes continuous with the diagonal band of broca and has connections to amygdaloid nuclear complex

A

Medial septal nucleus

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18
Q

Determines whether odor is pleasant or unpleasant

A

Limbic system

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19
Q

Three pathways of olfaction

A
  • via medial forebrain bundle (most primitive)
  • via stria medullaris
  • via limbic system
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20
Q

Contains receptor for smell

A

Olfactory mucosa

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21
Q

Have fibers from anterior olfactory nucleus and cross in the anterior commissure

A

Medial striae

22
Q

The second order neuron of bulb and tract

A

Stellate and tufted

23
Q

Largest cell of bulb and tract

A

Mitral

24
Q

Smallest cell of bulb and tract

A

Stellate

25
Q

Third order neuron of bulb and tract

A

Pyramidal

26
Q

Well developed sense of smell

A

Microsmatic

27
Q

Bathed with serous fluid in which odiferous substances are dissolved

A

Bowman’s gland

28
Q

Key structure of olfactory bulb

A

Glomeruli

29
Q

Forms intrabulbar circuit for facilitation and regulation activities

A

Stellate

30
Q

Termination site of mitral and tufted cells

A

Anterior olfactory nucleus

31
Q

Process odor signals

A

Glomerular mitral cells

32
Q

Provide mechanical support for the olfactory receptor cells

A

Sustentacular cells

33
Q

Give the five layers of olfactory bulb

A
  • olfactory nerve layer
  • glomerular layer
  • external plexiform
  • mitral
  • granular
34
Q

Layer of olfactory bulb where primary dendrites of mitral and tufted cells located

A

Glomerular

35
Q

Layer where apical layer of granule cells located

A

External plexiform

36
Q

Principal interneuron of olfactory bulb

A

Granule cells

37
Q

Inability to recognize smell

A

Olfactory agnosia

38
Q

Receive taste input

A

Insular and olfactory cortex

39
Q

Appears to play an especially important role in integrating olfactory, taste and other food-related cues that produce the experience of flavor

A

Medial orbitofrontal cortex

40
Q

Distortion in a smell experience

A

Parosmia (dysosmia)

41
Q

Formation of repugnant or disagreeable olfactory auras

A

Cascosmia

42
Q

Aka gustatory cells

A

Tastebuds

43
Q

Give rise to taste receptor cells due to continuous turnover, life span 10 - 14 days

A

Polygonal basal cells

44
Q

Nerve supply of chorda tympani

A

CN VII

45
Q

Principal visceral afferent nucleus of the brainstem

A

Solitary nucleus

46
Q

Two division of solitary nucleus

A
  • rostral (gustatory)

- caudal (visceral or cardiorespiratory)

47
Q

Complete loss of taste

A

Ageusia

48
Q

Decreased taste sensitivity

A

Hypogeusia

49
Q

Distortions in the perception of a taste

A

Parageusia (dysgeusia)

50
Q

Paralysis of stapedius muscle

A

Hyperacusis

Anatomy (11 decks)

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