Urinalysis pt. 1 Flashcards
Excess urea in the urine
Azoturia
Waste product of protein metabolism
Formed in the liver and excreted in urine
Urea
Muscle protein in the urine
Indicates severe muscle damage
Myogloinuria
Crystals in urine
Can cause kidney irritation
Crystaluria
Hemoglobin in the urine
Hemoglobinuria
HgB comes from RBCs that rupture in the vascular system
Schistocytes are seen
DIC
True Hemoglobinuria
HgB comes from RBC that have hemolyzed in the urinary bladder
Bacteria caused
False hemoglobinuria
Glucose in the urine
Glucosuria, Glycosuria, Dextrosuria
The maintenance of constant osmolality (concentration of urine), regardless of osmotic changes of blood
Isothenuria
With Isothenuria, the USG would be
Glomerular filtrate
1.008-1.012
Excessive ketones in blood
Seen with high fat diets, starvation, long term anorexia, impaired liver function
Ketonemia
Excessive ketones in urine
Occurs with Diabetes Mellitus
Ketonuria
A source of energy and produced during fat metabolism
Ketones
Early in lactation, when the energy for milk production exceeds the nutritional intake
Caused by insufficient cholesterol intake
Ketoacidosis (Ketosis)
Pus in the urine, accompanied by bacteria
Pyuria
Stones/calculi in the urinary tract
Urolithiasis
Mineral salts that combine to form stone
Calculi
Stone
Urolith
Act of urinating
Micturition
Inflammation of the bladder
Due to infected kidney or urethra
Cystitis
Inflammation of the kidneys
Nephritis
Feline Urologic Syndrome
aka FLUTD
Complete/partial obstruction of the urinary tract
FUS
Mass of capillaries that bring blood to the nephron
Renal glomerulus
No urine
Distinct sign of kidney failure
Anuria
Large volumes of urine
Polyuria
Scanty urine
C/S of renal insufficiency
Oliguria
Collection method that has the highest number of contaminants (bacteria, WBCs, RBCs)
Free Catch
Collection method that creates trauma and RBCs in urine
Expression
Who should not be expressed?
Awake patients
Best collection method to check patency of urethra
Can increase number of RBCs, fat droplets, and squamous epithelial cells
Catheterization