urgent

Question 1

tx for foreign body aspiration

Answer 1

bronchoscopy

Question 2

PE foreign body aspiration

Answer 2

hyperresonance to percussion over the affected area of the lung due to air trapping

Question 3

what should be avoided in patients with placenta previa

Answer 3

Digital vaginal examination

Question 4

tx asx placenta previa

Answer 4

avoiding any sexual activity
avoiding exercise, heavy lifting, and prolonged periods of standing
Cesarean delivery is performed between 36 weeks to 37 6/7 weeks gestation in women with asymptomatic placenta previa

Question 5

tx sx placenta previa

Answer 5

admitted to labor and delivery for maternal and fetal monitoring, maintenance of maternal hemodynamic stability, and evaluation of potential emergency cesarean delivery.

Question 6

when should antenatal steroids be given

Answer 6

before 37 weeks gestation

Question 7

what should be given for scheduled cesarean deliveries for neuroprotection.

Answer 7

magnesium sulfate

Question 8

The recommended dose of acetaminophen in children

Answer 8

10 to 15 mg/kg/dose, not to exceed 90 mg/kg/day for more than 1 day.

Question 9

tx acetaminophen OD

Answer 9

activated charcoal at 1 g/kg

obtain a serum acetaminophen level at least 4 hours after ingestion and then every 1–2 hours afterward to plot the elimination of acetaminophen during treatment

administer N-acetylcysteine to the patient if the serum acetaminophen level indicates toxicity

Question 10

Orbital cellulitis

Answer 10

infection involving the fat and ocular muscles in the orbit but not the globe

Question 11

how is orbital cellulitis distinguished from pre septal cellulitis

Answer 11

ophthalmoplegia, pain with eye movements, and proptosis in orbital cellulitis

Question 12

sx orbital cellulitis

Answer 12

pain, lid erythema, restricted and painful eye movements, decreased visual acuity, afferent pupillary defect, fever, proptosis, and conjunctival chemosis

Question 13

dx cellulitis

Answer 13

CT scan of the head, including the sinuses

Question 14

CT findings orbital cellulitis

Answer 14

inflammation of the extraocular muscles, fat stranding, and anterior displacement of the globe

rhino sinusitis almost always

Question 15

tx orbital celllulitis

Answer 15

vancomycin + cef

if sx of rhinosinusitis - add metronidazole

Question 16

diagnosis of pulmonary embolism

Answer 16

Computed tomography pulmonary angiography

Question 17

Virchow triad for pulmonary embolism

Answer 17

venous stasis, vascular injury, and hypercoagulability

Question 18

sx pulmonary embolism

Answer 18

sudden-onset dyspnea, tachypnea, pleuritic chest pain, cough, hemoptysis, palpitations, tachycardia, leg pain, and Homan sign

Question 19

what is highly suspicious for pulmonary embolism

Answer 19

Profound hypoxia in the presence of a normal chest X-ray and no history of lung disease

Question 20

what D dimer level can rule out pulmonary embolism

Answer 20

level < 500 ng/mL is useful in ruling out a pulmonary embolism

Question 21

Treatment for stable patients with a pulmonary embolism

Answer 21

anticoagulation with heparin and a direct oral anticoagulant or warfarin

Question 22

tx for Unstable patients with pulmonary embolism

Answer 22

thrombolytic therapy (e.g., alteplase, streptokinase) or embolectomy.

Placement of an inferior vena cava filter is considered for patients with contraindications to anticoagulation, a high risk for proximal deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, or recurrent thromboembolism despite adequate anticoagulation.

Question 23

two main cardiac emergencies associated with severe hypertension

Answer 23

acute heart failure and acute coronary syndrome

Question 24

what BP meds are contraindicated in congestive heart failure

Answer 24

BETA BLOCKERS!!!

Question 25

tx for pts w acute heart failure

Answer 25

loop diuretic (e.g., furosemide) and a vasodilator (e.g., sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin)

Question 26

tx for pts w acute coronary syndrome

Answer 26

intravenous nitroglycerin, nicardipine, clevidipine, metoprolol, or esmolol

Question 27

tx pneumothorax in stable pt

Answer 27

supplemental oxygen and observation

Question 28

What drug is used for the treatment of Pneumocystis pneumonia?

Answer 28

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Question 29

tx for patients who have large pneumothorax, tension pneumothorax, secondary pneumothorax, or those with severe symptoms

Answer 29

chest tube w suction

Question 30

tx for recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax, bilateral pneumothorax, and failure of tube thoracostomy

Answer 30

Thoracoscopy or open thoracotomy

Question 31

normal troponin levels

Answer 31

between 0 and 0.04 ng/mL