Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EOR Family med > derm > Flashcards

derm Flashcards

1
Q

tx acne vulgaris

A

tretinoin
benzoyl peroxide
azelaic acid
salicylic acid
erythromycin or clindamycin (topical)
doxycycline or sulfamethoxazole (oral)
isotretinoin 20 weeks if severe and unresponsive to others ^^

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

tx treatment resistant acne (before isotretinoin)

A

spironolactone
combo oral BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what acne meds are C/I in pregnancy

A

tretinoin
isotretinoin
doxy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MC premalignant skin condition

A

actinic keratosis (may progress to squamous cell CA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what should you do when you see actinic keratosis

A

punch or shave biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

alopecia areata is thought to be due to

A

underlying autoimmune disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

PE alopecia areata

A

smooth, non scarring hair loss w patches of smaller hairs termed exclamation hairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tx alopecia areata

A

intralesional corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MC type of skin cancer in US

A

basal cell CA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

sx basal cell CA

A

small, raised papule that are pink, white or flesh colored; translucent, waxy, or pearly quality with raised “rolled” borders and central depression and/or ulceration with overlying telangiectatic surface vessels

bleeds easily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

dx basal cell CA

A

punch or shave biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what topical can you use for basal cell CA

A

Imiquinod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

sx bullous pemphigoid

A

pruritus w eczematous or urticarial plaques followed by multiple tense large bullae (1-3 cm) that don’t rupture easily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

PE bullous pemphigoid

A

negative Nikolsky - no epidermal detachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

dx bullous pemphigoid

A

skin biopsy w direct immunofluorescence - linear C3 and IgG along the dermal epidermal junction sub epidermal blisters, and eosinophilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MC cause cellulitis

A

Group A strep (MC)
staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

RF cellulitis

A

skin inflammation (abrasion)
lowered immunity
skin infection (tinea, rash)
edema
obesity
recent surgery or trauma or animal bites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

sx cellulitis

A

localized macular erythema (flat margins not sharply demarcated)
swelling
warmth
tenderness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tx cellulitis

A

Nafcillin, cefazolin, clindamycin, dicloxacillin, cephalexin, doxycycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

MC cause condyloma acuminata

A

HSV 6 and 11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

tx condyloma acuminata

A

resolution w/in 18 mos
Imiquimod or Pdophyllotoxin or Sinecatechins

cryotherapy, trichloroacetic acid, surgical removal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

atopic dermatitis is also called

A

eczema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

eczema/atopic dermatitis sx

A

pruritus is hallmark and required for dx
erythematous, ill-defined blisters, papule, or plaques w oozing
lesions dry and crus over and scale
MC ON FLEXOR SURFACES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

tx eczema/atopic dermatitis

A

topical corticosteroids
skin hydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

pathophysiology seborrheic dermatitis

A

increased sebaceous gland activity + hypersensitivity to malassezia furfur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

seborrheic dermatitis is associated w what neurologic dz

A

parkinson dz
HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

sx seborrheic dermatitis

A

erythematous plaques or patches covered w fine white-yellow greasy scales
common in areas w high sebaceous gland secretion (scalp - dandruff), eyelids, beard, mustache, nasolabial folds, chest, groin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

tx seborrheic dermatitis

A

anti fungal shampoo
low potency topical corticosteroids, topical anti fungal agents for face
oral anti fungal if resistant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

sx dyshidrotic eczema

A

sudden onset of pruritic “tapioca-like” small tense vesicles on the soles, palms, fingers (lateral aspect of digits)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

tx dyshidrotic eczema

A

Topical corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

MC cause erysipelas

A

Group A strep (S. pyogenes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

sx erysipelas

A

intensely erythematous, raised area with sharply demarcated borders
MC involves lower extremities and face
often associated w systemic manifestations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

MC cause erythema multiforme

A

herpes simplex virus (MC)
mycoplasma spp (esp in kids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

meds that can cause erythema multiforme

A

sulfa drugs
beta-lactams
phenytoin
phenobarbital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

erysipelas

A

a variant of cellulitis (more superficial infxn)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

sx erythema multiforme

A

target lesions hallmark finding - a dusky, central area or blister, a dark red inflammatory zone surrounded by a pale ring of edema, and an erythematous halo on the extreme periphery of the lesion

negative nikolsky sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

sx erythema multiforme

A

target lesions hallmark finding - a dusky, central area or blister, a dark red inflammatory zone surrounded by a pale ring of edema, and an erythematous halo on the extreme periphery of the lesion

negative nikolsky sign

minor - no mucosal membrane involvement
major - mucosal membrane involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

tx erythema multiforme

A

supportive
remove offending drugs
topical steroids, antihistamines, analgesics, skin care etc

prophylactic acyclovir if recurring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

erythema infectiosum is also called

A

fifth disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

erythema infectiosum is caused by

A

parvovirus B19

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

sx erythema infectiosum

A

erythematous malar rash “slapped cheek: and circumoral pallor
lacy, reticular maculopapular rash on extremities
may have arthropathy or arthralgias
associated w fetal loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

tx erythema infectiosum

A

supportive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

cause of rubeola

A

measles virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

sx rubeola

A

high fever + cough, coryza, conjunctivitis
kopek spots - small 1-3 mm pale white or blue papule w an erythematous base on the buccal mucosa

morbilliform maculopapular brick-red rash beginning at the hairline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

cause of hand, foot, mouth dz

A

coxsackie virus (esp type A)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

sx hand, foot, mouth dz

A

oral - erythematous macula’s that become painful oral vesicles surrounded by a thing halo of erythema

exanthema - grayish-yellowish vesicular, macular, or maculopapular nonpruritic contender skin lesions on distal extremities (includes palms and soles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

roseola infantum is caused by

A

HHV 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

sx roseola infantum

A

abrupt onset high fever
rose-pink macular or maculopapular, BLANCHABLE, rash beginngin on the TRUNK AND NECK before spreading to face

nagayama spots - erythematous papule, macules, or ulcers on the soft palate and uvula

48
Q

cause of rubella / German measles

A

rubella virus

49
Q

sx rubella

A

low grade fever
posterior cerical and posterior auricular lymphadenopathy most prominent

pink or light red non confluent maculopapular rash that last 3 days

forchheimer spots - small red macules or petechiae on the soft palate

arthralgia and arthritis

50
Q

MC cause folliculitis

A

staph aureus

51
Q

sx folliculitis

A

peri follicular papule and/or pustules w surrounding erythema on hair bearing skin

52
Q

tx folliculitis

A

topical mupirocin

53
Q

hidradenitis suppurativa

A

painful, chronic inflammatory suppurative condition involving skin and subq tissue

chronic follicular hair follicle obstruction

54
Q

sx hidradenitis suppurativa

A

recurrent, painful, and inflamed nodules
fibrotic hypertrophic scars
intertriginous skin MC - axillae

55
Q

tx hidradenitis suppurativa

A

topical clindamycin

56
Q

MC cause impetigo

A

staph aureus

57
Q

tx impetigo

A

topical mupirocin

58
Q

MC cause kaposi sarcoma

A

HHV 8
seen in immunosuppressed (like HIV)

59
Q

sx kaposi sarcoma

A

painless
nonpruritic
macular, papular, nodules, plaque-like brown, pink, red or violaceous lesions

60
Q

tx kaposi sarcoma

A

antiretroviral if associated w HIV

61
Q

lice is termed

A

pediculosis

62
Q

tx pediculosis

A

permethrin

63
Q

lichen planus is associated w

A

hepatitis C

64
Q

sx lichen planus

A

purple (violaceous)
polygonal
planar
pruritic
papules or plaques w fine scales
Wickham’s striae - fine gray-white lines on the skin lesions or on the oral mucosa

Koebner’s phenomena - new lesions at sites of trauma (also seen in psoriasis)

65
Q

erysipelas

A

a variant of cellulitis (more superficial infxn)

66
Q

tx lichen planus

A

topical corticosteroids

67
Q

lichen simplex chronics (neurodermatitis)

A

skin thickening in pts w atopic dermatitis secondary to repetitive rubbing and scratching

68
Q

sx lichen simplex chronicus

A

scaly, well-demarcated, rough hyperkeratotic (lichenified) plaques w exaggerated skin lines

69
Q

tx lichen simplex chronicus

A

avoid scratching
topical corticosteroids

70
Q

sx lipoma

A

soft, painless subcutaneous nodules that are easily mobile
no tx needed!!!

71
Q

MC cause of skin cancer related death

A

melanoma
high malignant potential

72
Q

MC type of melanoma

A

superficial spreading

73
Q

all types of melanoma

A

superficial spreading
nodular
lentigo maligna
aural lentiginous
desmoplastic

74
Q

superficial spreading melanoma

A

MC
arises de novo or from pre-existing nevus
MC on trunk in men and legs in women

75
Q

nodular melanoma

A

associated w rapid vertical growth phase

76
Q

lentigo maligna melanoma

A

arises in chronically sun-damaged or sun-exposed areas of skin in older individuals such as face
begins as tan or brown macule that darkens

77
Q

aural lentiginous melanoma

A

MC in darker-pigmented individuals
palms, soles, nail beds, areas without sun exposure

78
Q

erysipelas

A

a variant of cellulitis (more superficial infxn)

79
Q

most aggressive type of melanoma

A

desk-plastic

80
Q

what is discouraged for melanoma

A

shave biopsy

81
Q

dx and tx melanoma

A

dx - complete biopsy
tx - complete local wide surgical excision

82
Q

melasma is also called

A

chloasma

83
Q

RF melasma

A

increased estrogen exposure (OCP, pregnancy, women)
sunlight exposure

84
Q

sx melasma

A

mask-like hypertmelanotic symmetrical macules esp on face and neck

85
Q

dx melasma

A

clinical
wood lamp to deter pattern of pigment deposition

86
Q

tx melasma

A

sun protection
hydroquinone 4%
if combo - fluocinolone acetonide + hydroquinone + tretinoin

87
Q

erysipelas

A

a variant of cellulitis (more superficial infxn)

88
Q

causes of onchomycosis

A

dermatophytes - trichophyton and epidermophyton (T rubrum MC)

89
Q

sx onchomycosis

A

nail that is opaque, thickened, discolored and/or cracked

90
Q

dx onchomycosis

A

50% of dystrophic nails are due to fungal infxn
confirmation with rapid test (KOH wet mount prep, histopathologic exam with a PAS strain, or PCR + fungal culture)

periodic acid-schiff test - performed on nail plate clippings

91
Q

tx onchomycosis

A

systemic antifungals
oral terbinafine first line

caution for hepatotoxicity and drug-drug interactions

92
Q

paronychia

A

infection of lateral and proximal nail folds including the tissue that borders the root and sides of the nail for < 6 weeks

93
Q

MC cause paronychia

A

staph aureus

94
Q

sx paronychia

A

rapid onset of painful erythema and swelling to the proximal and or lateral nail folds

95
Q

tx paronychia without fluctuance

A

triple antibiotic ointment or topical mupirocin
warm compress, warm water, antiseptic soap (chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine)
OTC analgesics

96
Q

tx paronychia w fluctuance or immunocompromised

A

oral dicloxacillin or cephalexin
I & D

97
Q

paronychia can progress to

A

felon (closed space infection of fingertip pulp space)

98
Q

tx pityriasis rosea

A

topical corticosteroids

99
Q

sx psoriasis

A

plaque - MC type; raised, well-demarcated, pink-red plaques or papules w thick silvery white scales. MC on EXTENSOR surfaces.

Auspitz sign - punctate bleeding w removal of plaque or scale

Koebner’s phenomena - new lesions at sites of trauma (seen in lichen planus, eczema, vitiligo)

nail involvement - pitting. yellow-brown discoloration under the nail (oil spot) pathognomonic

100
Q

guttate psoriasis often appears after

A

strep pharyngitis

101
Q

tx psoriasis

A

topical corticosteroids

102
Q

SJS versus TEN

A

sis < 10%
TEN > 30%

103
Q

scabies is due to

A

sarcoptes scabiei

104
Q

sx scabies

A

intense pruritus esp at night

105
Q

tx scabies

A

permethrin

106
Q

MC benign epidermal skin tumor

A

seborrheic keratosis

107
Q

sx seborrheic keratosis

A

well-demarcated round or oval velvety warty lesions w a greasy or stuck on appearance

108
Q

premalignant potential w seborrheic keratosis

A

none

109
Q

which spider bite forms bullae

A

brown recluse

110
Q

dx all tinea infections

A

KOH prep

111
Q

tx tinea capitis

A

oral griseofulvin
oral terbinafine

112
Q

tx tinea pedis, cruris, corporis, intertrigo

A

topical antifungals

113
Q

tinea versicolor cause

A

malassezia furfur

114
Q

erysipelas

A

a variant of cellulitis (more superficial infxn)

115
Q

verrucous papule is also known as

A

a wart

116
Q

tx warts

A

liquid nitrogen cryotherapy
salicylic acid plaster w paring

117
Q

tx vitiligo

A

topical corticosteroids

EOR Family med (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions