Urea Cycle

Question 1

What does a high blood creatinine test tell you?

Creatine waste product: proportional to mm

Answer 1

impaired kidney function: Creatinine is waste product of creatine/creatinine phosphate.If high in blood = kidney filtration is impaired. (not reabsorbed by kidney)

Question 2

dephosphorylation of creatinine phosphate?
Enzyme responsible for this reaction?
Where is this enzyme found
High levels in the blood mean?

Answer 2

makes creatine + ATP
Creatine Kinase
Skeletal mm. Brain
Tissue damage: Myocardial infarction`

Question 3

Explain how liver dysfunction leads to hepatic encephalopathy

Answer 3

Free NH3 in blood turns A-Ketogluterate to glutamate - A-ketogluterate is krebcycle intermediate (low energy for brain)

Question 4

Name the 5 enzymes involved in the UREA Cycle, and products

Mitochondria or cytosol
Is the urea cycle reverisble?

Answer 4

Carbamoyl Synthase 1 (carbamoyl-p): M
Ornathine Transcarbamoylase (citraline): M
Arginosuccinate Synthetase (arginosuccinate) Argininosuccinate Lyase (arginine + furmarate)
Arginase (ornathine + UREA)
NO

Question 5

What reactants are added to the UREA Cycle?
What products are removed?

Where do they come from? Do they go?

Answer 5

COz (1 step), Aspartate (from oxaloacetate)

Furmarate (TCA)
UREA (liver)

Question 6

PVT TIM HALL are ____

Answer 6

E - need in diet.

phenylalanine, valine, theroninie, tryptophan, isoleucine, methionine, histadine, arginine* (in baby, trauma, burn), leuicine, lycine

Question 7

Glucogenic
G&K
Ketogenic

E / NE

Answer 7

All except Leuicine/Lysine
Ketogenic: Phenylalaine, isoleucine, methionine
K: Leucine & Lycine

NE: All glucogenic: Tyrosine –> Ketogenic