Urbanisation Flashcards
Name the policies set between 1997 - 2010
- Regional development agencies
- English partnerships
- Urban regeneration policies
Name the policies set between 2010 - 2015
- New home bonus
- Community infrastructure levy
- Localism act and tax increment financing
Describe the regeneration of Longbridge
Redevelopment of a 468 acre brownfield site, previously a car plant, transformed into a mixed community development
Name some aspects of the Longbridge regeneration scheme
- 350 homes build
- £100 million Longbridge technology park
- Austin park
Name some causes of deindustrialisation
- Reduced need for labour
- Reduced demand for manufactured goods
- Globalisation of manufacturing
- Increased costs
What causes decentralisation
Competition for space in urban areas
Why is building in the suburbs more attractive to businesses
- Allows for custom planning and designs
- Business parks and out of town shopping complexes
What’s the effect of decentralisation
Encourages the population to move out of the city (counter-urbanisation)
What caused the shift in employment from manufacturing to service
- Rise of the knowledge economy
- Growth in research and development
- Increase in tourism
- Expanding customer demands for leisure/luxury services
Define urbanisation
Increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas
Define suburbanisation
Movement of people, employment and services towards the edge of the city
Define counter-urbanisation
Movement from urban to rural areas
Define urban resurgence
Movement back to the city
Give some reasons for suburbanisation
- Improved transport
- Advances in technology
- Increased car ownership
Give some reasons for counter-urbanaisation
- Better quality of life
- Early retirement
- Increased wealth
Give some reasons for urban resurgence
- Better employment opportunities
- Attractive to young people
- Better access to services
Define urban growth
Increase in the number of urban dwellers
Define urban expansion
Increase in the physical size of a city
Why are urban centres important:
- Financial hubs
- Exchange of ideas and creativity
- Centres of political power and decision making
- Social and cultural centres
Name some reasons that might cause urban form to change over time
- Population growth
- Government policies (may restrict or encourage change)
- Movement of industries
What is a megacity?
A city with a population over 10 million people
What are world cities?
Cities who have a large involvement in the global economy
What’s the role of world cities:
- Drive economic activity regionally and nationally
- Centres of economic growth
- Create jobs
