Urban World 3.1 Flashcards
Define Urbanisation.
Urbanisation is the growth in the proportion of a country’s population living in urban areas.
More than 50% of the world’s live in urban areas, why is this number increasing?
More jobs in the city mean people move to get the jobs.
These people are younger and then start families.
There are 2x the amount of people moving
How do the rates of urbanisation differ to the level of urbanisation?
The rate of urbanisation is how quickly the percentage is rising or falling. The level is the overall percentage of urbanisation that a continent/country has.
Why are North America, Oceania and Europe’s level of urbanisation higher than Asia and Africa?
During the 50’s and 60’s in developed countries, many people moved into the city to get a job to help rebuild after the second world war. This caused a rapid rate of urbanisation earlier on.
Why have the developed continents rates of urbanisation slowed down recently?
As more people move and live in the city for work, when they gather enough money to retire they move into the countryside where they can live in a quieter area with more local leisure activities.
Why are emerging continents now increasing their rate of urbanisation?
In emerging countries, there are more tertiary jobs becoming available in the city which pay more than the primary jobs being done rurally. This means that young workers are moving into the city and starting families.
Define megacity.
A megacity is a city that has a population of over 10 million people.
Most of the worlds megacities are in Asia, what reasons are there for this?
In Asia, most people that live rurally are primary workers that are farming or mining. This means that people go into the city to find higher paying jobs which increases the number of people.
During the 1950’s there were only 2 megacities, suggest why?
After the second world war, people moved to Tokyo and new York needed people to rebuild the city. Due to the advance in technology, more skilled workers moved into the city to try and get a higher positioned jobs.
Define primate city.
A primate city is a city that has twice the amount of people compared to the next city which means they often have a high economic power.
London and New York are the only two alpha ++ cities in the world, suggest why?
These cities have many jobs available which attracts highly skilled workers to go and find work. These jobs often earn a lot more money like banking meaning large sums of money are drawn in. London earns more than half of the worlds money each year.
Suggest ways that primate cities influence their country economically.
Investment- businesses often locate here attracting investment of services and infrastructure.
Migration- there are lots of jobs which encourage migration of highly skilled workers
Transport- ports and airports located here encouraging investment and migration.
Primate cities are affected politically, suggest how.
Governments and the large headquarters of large businesses are located here . This means decisions to develop favour the city over the countryside,
From 2010 to the future, how has the rate and level of urbanisation changed and why?
Most of the developed regions (north America, Oceania, Europe) have already become heavily urbanised due to the higher number of jobs in the city, but as they make more money they leave causing the rate and level to stay the same. Asia and Africa are behind in urbanisation and now the number of jobs in the cities are rising so more people are moving in causing the level and rate to rise.
