Economic Change- 3.2 Flashcards
What effect do TNC’s have to developing and emerging countries?
They offer many high paying jobs for educated and skilled workers as well as lesser payed jobs for unskilled workers.
Why might people move to the city in emerging countries?
There are many secondary jobs available for people to work in which are often unskilled/ skilled jobs as the people will not have had a full education from 4-18.
Why might a developing country invest in factories or stadiums?
These attract a large number of foreign investment which then leads to more jobs being available for locals and more money from tourists while visiting.
Why does the urban population decline in developed countries?
Older and wealthier people will move out and away from the city so that they can enjoy more leisure activities and a better quality of life as they can work from home anyway.
Why are industries failing in many developed countries?
The country will import the products cheaply from emerging countries and this causes a lack of need for the secondary sector so it declines.
What is informal employment?
Informal is not officially recognised and therefore no tax is paid but the health quality is very low for workers.
What is formal employment?
Formal employment is officially recognised and so worker are protected by laws but pay tax on all the money that they earn.
What is a quaternary job sector?
Quaternary jobs are mainly research and development jobs.
Why are there so little workers in the primary sector in developed countries?
Developed countries import products in from developing countries where it is very cheap therefore lowering the need for the country to make them in their own country.
Why does the number of secondary jobs rise when a country is developing, but then decrease once they have developed?
The country first opens up the factories to draw in unskilled workers and then as soon as the country is rich enough to not need to manufacture its own product. The jobs become skilled and people move more into the tertiary sector.
Give some examples of push factors.
- shortage of jobs
- low wages
- poor standard of living
- poor healthcare
Give some examples of pull factors.
- more employment available
- higher wages
- better standard of living
- better healthcare and education
Why might people move to cities in developing countries?
People move into the cities as they are mainly rural farmers that dont make much money so by moving into the city they have a chance to get a higher paid job and a better way of life.
Why might informal labour not help the economy?
Informal labour means that none of the workers’ pay is taxed so the government doesn’t receive money from the workers and therefore cant build the city up.
Why is there more informal labour in developing countries?
You dont need to be a skilled or educated worker to sell product on the streets making it very common for migrants to do.
How does formal working help a country?
The money earned is taxed and this tax can be spent by the government to build better schools and healthcare which then means children can receive a better education.
What effect do TNC’s have to developing and emerging countries?
They offer higher paying jobs to educated workers that may have come from abroad after finishing university and less paying jobs fir unskilled workers.
What is national migration?
When people move to a city in the same country. Rural urban migration is the movement of people from the countryside to the city.
What is international migration?
When people move from one country to a city in another country.
Why do developed countries make up the majority of quaternary sector?
Due to the research requiring a lot of money to have the technology to make the discoveries and experiments it means that only the richer countries can afford to work in this sector.
Why are some developing cities still growing?
Cities like new York and London are growing as they are attracting a large number of skilled workers who are looking to get jobs in major businesses as well as unskilled workers who are doing jobs that the skilled and educated workers don’t want to do.
How is the growth of a developed city and an emerging city differ?
In a developed city like new york, the workers coming in are skilled and looking for a high paying jobs mainly in office jobs and big brand businesses. In a emerging city like kampala, the jobs are available for unskilled and few educated workers who otherwise would be substance farmers.
