Urban Regeneration Policies since 1979 Flashcards
How can sustainability be defined?
The sustainabilty of an urban area does not just mean the environment, but its ‘livability’ in terms of its social and economic characteristics. Urban areas should be focused on achieving a circular economy where resources are kept in use for as long as possible. these policies should aim to improve the physical, economic and social environment.
why were the 1980’s Urban Development Corporations (UDC’s) sustainable?
London Docklands
- nationally, attracted 12 billion in investment
- built 27,000 new homes and created 190,000 new jobs
- development of surrey quays shopping centre
- built new schools, parks and community centres
why were the 1980’s Urban Development Corporations (UDC’s)🚫NOT🚫sustainable?
London Docklands
- focus on place rather than people. underlying issues were not fixed, the new jobs created did not help those structurally unemployed, and many communities were forced out of the area due to higher housing costs.
why were the City Challenge Partnership schemes such as the one at Hulme, Manchester sustainable?
Hulme, Manchester
- development of business park and 12,000 homes
- regenerated brownfield sites
- reduced unemployment from 30%-6% in 20 years
- removed the 1960’s tower blocks which had no heating system with new housing, most of which was affordable to locals.
- these schemes were more sustainable as they had a larger effect on the social and economic charactersitics of the local people.
- improved 4,000 homes
- funded vocational training schemes
why were the City Challenge Partnership Schemes 🚫NOT🚫sustainable?
Hulme, Manchester
- house prices alienated some locals
- crime in the surrounding area did not improve, these schemes made areas compete for funding, so some areas recieved no funding and fell further behind.
why were New Deals for Communities (NDC’s) sustainable?
Devenport regeneration of Plymouth
- improved physical environment of the sea front
- saw improvement in 32 of 36 indicators such as crime and health between 2002-2008.
- improved the main port and created more jobs
- improved housing and developed many affordable homes
- more control given to local organistaions, to target the regeneration where it was most needed.
- 10 year delivery plan 2001-2011
- policies aimed to improve the 39 most deprived neighbourhoods nationally.
why were New Deals for Communities (NDC’s) 🚫NOT🚫 sustainable?
- was still unemployment
- high fiscal cost
