Urban Futures Flashcards
What is urbanisation?
An increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas compared to rural areas
What does urban mean
A built up area
What is a Megacity
Megacities are cities with more than 10 million people living in them
What is a World City
A city which is very important in the global economy
What are the push factors from going rural to urban
Few job opportunities
Lack of access to services such as healthcare and education
Declining income due to the falling price of agricultural products
Overpopulation, leading to farms being broken up into smaller plots.
Poor transport networks
Civil war and conflict
What are the pull factors from going rural to urban
Lots of jobs Lots of access to services Good transport networks Less cramped No war and conflict
What is the correlation between GDP per capita and urban population
It is a positive correlation
What is the correlation between GDP and urban population growth
It is a negative correlation
Countries with lower GDP’s have a bigger urban population growth
What are the locations of slums
On the outskirts of towns and cities
Built in dangerous places like cliffs
What are the houses like in slums
Poorly built housing using scraps and whatever they can find like corrugated iron and timber
Built on top of eachother
Normally no room for a kitchen
What is the infrastructure like in slums
Not a clean water supply
No roads - harder to get things in or out like food or waste
Try to attach cables to the power lines
No way to remove waste
What are the job opportunities like in slums
Jobs in the informal sector - sorting plastic rubbish for very little money
What are the communities like in slums
No all people who live there are poor
Some could have jobs but have to live there because there is no where else to live
Some people actually have a good way of living
Community are very close together
What are the hazards like in slums
Disease can spread very quickly so people are so close together
Why do slums develop in cities in LIDC’s and EDC’s
Most move to cities for jobs or education, and housing is not their main priority. They are prepared to live wherever they can afford
People are forced to live in cheap housing if they cant find a job or if they have to work on low wages
Lack of money or poor organisation mean that cities don’t build enough affordable houses for new residents
Poor roads and lack of transport force people to live in a place where they will be able to travel to work easily
What is Suburbanisation
The increased movement of people and industries to the edge of existing urban areas. This can be from the inner city or rural areas
what are the push factors for going from urban to suburbs
Poor quality housing High rent Crowded Lack of pedestrians Graffiti which makes the place feel unsafe Uninspiring urban design Smog and pollution from industry Poor quality schools
what are the pull factors for going from urban to suburbs
Green space, Community areas and family friendly
Good transport links to the inner city, commuting is an option
Modern, detached homes offer greater privacy
Land is cheaper, so houses can be larger with even a pool
Employment opportunities
What are the social consequences of suburbanisation
This can lead to people the same age clustering together this will lead to ‘age-segregation’ this means the community is less stable
Become like ‘dormitory towns’ where everyone leaves for work in the day and then come back late in the afternoon or night
This can lead to negative affects on children as they dont see their parents as often as they would like
What are the economic consequences of suburbanisation
The decline in population of inner city housing can lead to the drop in house and rent prices in the inner-city
Increase in price in the suburbs
