Upper Respiratory Flashcards
1
Q
Deviated septum
A
Manifestations -septum bent to one side -trouble breathing -nasal edema -dryness Management -allergy control -septoplasty -no ASA or NSAIDs 2 wks prior to surgery
2
Q
Nasal Fracture Care
A
- ice
- closed or open reduction: septoplasty, rhinoplasty
3
Q
Rhinoplasty
A
cosmetic or improve airway
- nasal packing removed in 24 hrs; prevent bleeding
- plastic: scar formation; stent removed in 3-5 days
4
Q
Allergic Rhinitis
A
- intermittent: less than 4 dys a week or 4 wks a yr
- persistent: more than 4
5
Q
Cetirizine
A
Zyrtec
- antihistamine
- SE: pharyngitis, dryness, drowsiness
6
Q
Antihistamines
A
- for: allergies, motion sickness, anxiety
- watch for: drowsiness, tachycardia, dry
7
Q
Antitussives, Expectorants, Mucolytics
A
- benzo: nonproductive cough with drowsiness, GI upset, & constipation
- Guaif: creates productive cough with GI upset, nausea, drowsiness
8
Q
Acute Viral Rhinitis
A
common cold
-antipyretics, analgesics, echinacea
9
Q
Flu
A
- A: most common; H (enter cell), N (cell transition)
- ducks -> pigs -> chicks -> humans
- pulmonary complications
10
Q
Sinusitis
A
inflammation or swelling of the mucosa
- acute: upper respiratory infection, allergic rhinitis, swimming, dental manip
- chronic: allergies and nasal polyps
11
Q
Sinusitis Manifestions
A
- acute: sinus pain, purulent nasal drainage, fever, congestion, malaise
- chronic: no fever, facial/dental pain, congestion, severe pain & purulent drainage are ABSENT
- D: x-rays, CT
12
Q
Sinusitis Meds
A
- antibiotic: symptoms > 7 days
- broad spectrum antibiotic for 4-6 wks (chronic)
13
Q
Acute Pharyngitis
A
caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal infection
- acute follicular: strep
- Meds: antibiotics, antifungal, avoid citrus
14
Q
Sleep apnea
A
cessation of spontaneous resp for > 10 sec
- OSA: partial or complete airway obstruction
- D: polysomnography
15
Q
Sleep Apnea Care
A
- sleep on side, elevate HOB
- avoid sedatives and alcohol before bed
- lose weight
- CPAP or BiPAP
