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Anthropology > Upper Paleolithic Cultures > Flashcards

Upper Paleolithic Cultures Flashcards

1
Q

Upper Paleolithic Culture

A

By 40,000 yrs ago only modern human existed (Experienced megafauna hunting, emergence of art, ritual, decoration, & first domestication)

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2
Q

Environment (Last Ice Age)

A

40-10,000 yrs ago, had glaciers, & tundra zone

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3
Q

Doggerland (Drowned Civilization)

A
  1. Connected the British isles to continental Europe
  2. Was discovered by dutch fishing trawlers “doggers”
  3. Could walk from England to France
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4
Q

What type of technological development did dogger isle show?

A

Showed a maritime emphasis such as dugout canoes, leister, fish traps

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5
Q

Mammoths

A
  1. First skeleton was discovered in 1799 they were thought to be “earth moles”
  2. They migrated from siberia to alaska
  3. Mostly extinct by 10,000 yrs ago
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6
Q

What were the smallest type of mammoths?

A

Wooly mammoths

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7
Q

How were mammoths preserved?

A

Melting permafrost

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8
Q

What were mammoth bones used for?

A
  1. Building things such as homes

2. Use to fuel fire

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9
Q

Spear throwers

A

Used for long distance hunting

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10
Q

True or false mammoth bones were also used for carving, ornaments, etc

A

True

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11
Q

What is the oldest decorative ornament in europe?

A

Bacho Kiro, Bulgaria

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12
Q

Venus Figurines

A

Female figures (ex. Dolni Vostenice)

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13
Q

There was __________ all through Europe engraved & painted onto walls

A

Cave art

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14
Q

What location in Europe had 171 charcoal examples of cave art in Europe?

A

Chavet Pont d’Arc

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15
Q

What was the first domesticated species?

A

Dogs

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16
Q

Dog domestication

A
  1. Had multiple domestication episodes (Western Eurasian bottleneck & eastern Eurasian descendants)
  2. Wolves were the first to be domesticated & was used in mammoth hunting
17
Q

Summary of things that occurred in Europe

A
  1. Megafauna & maritime adaptations
  2. Diversity of Art
  3. First domestication
18
Q

Only ________ was in the new world

A

Homo sapiens (modern humans)

19
Q

What were the 3 language groups among the modern humans?

A
  1. Amerind
  2. Na-Dene
  3. Inuit/ Aleut
20
Q

Who was the first occupants of the America at the end of the ice age?

A

Paleoindians (subgroups are pre-Clovis, Clovis, & other Paleoindians)

21
Q

Pre-Clovis :Meadowcroft Rockshelter, PA

A
  1. Happened 18,000 yrs ago
  2. West of Pittsburgh in 1970s (one of the first accepted pre-Clovis)
  3. Had the earliest domesticated crops
22
Q

What was in Page -Ladson Florida?

A

Aucilla River which is a sinkhole underwater today

23
Q

What culture was believed to be the first Americans?

A

Clovis Culture

24
Q

Younger Dryas Impact

A
  1. Hiawatha glacier in greenland
  2. iron asteroid 1.5 mile diameter
  3. Ended the clovis
25
Q

______________ only human remains associated with Clovis points

A

Child Clovis burial in Anzick, Montana (showed the end of the Clovis culture)

26
Q

Anzick Boy DNA

A

Was claimed by montana groups & is closer to modern indigenous than siberian groups

27
Q

Kennewick Man

A

Was a Paleoindian

28
Q

What are some theories to how people got to America?

A
  1. Beringia Land bridge
  2. Coastal route
  3. Rogue Solutrean
29
Q

Beringia Theory

A
  1. Followed megafauna across the land bridge from Russia to Ak
  2. Stranded after Ice age when strait was flooded
30
Q

Beringia

A

Connected siberia to northwest america

31
Q

Coastal Migration theory

A

People migrated using maritime technologies had rich kelp forest ecosystem along the pacific coast (kelp highway hypothesis)

32
Q

Coastal Migration Expectation

A
  1. Had familiar environments
  2. Efficiency of travel
  3. Coasts occupied before inland sites
33
Q

Where was a coastal route?

A

Monte Verde, Chile was a year round habitation site preserved in peat & preserved meat & firewood

34
Q

What are some issues with the kelp highway theory?

A
  1. Sea level rise 200 ft lwoer
  2. Buried, submerged sites
  3. No signature artifacts
  4. Perservation
35
Q

Solutrean Hypothesis

A

Southwest european could’ve been the first americans but wasnt much evidence to support

36
Q

Highly Controversial Solutrean Theory

A
  1. Largely debunked by genetic evidence

2. Had technological similarities (Clovis & Solutrean)

37
Q

Solutrean Culture

A

Located in southwest europe, had terrestial adaptation, & had laurel -shaped stone tools

Anthropology (9 decks)

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