Upper Limb Muscles Flashcards
Describe the names of the muscles that move the pectoral (shoulder) girdle.
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor + major
Describe the names of the muscles that move the shoulder.
Deltoid
Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Teres minor
Axillary nerve
Describe the names of the muscles that move the elbow.
Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Triceps brachii
Brachialis
Anconeus
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Petorlis Minor.
O: anterior ends of ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process
A: protracts scapula, downward rotated scapula, elevates ribs (forced inspiration)
I: medial pectoral nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Serratus Anterior.
O: lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8
I: Interior surface of medial border of scapula
A: protracts scapula, upward rotates scapula, elevates ribs (forced inspiration)
I: long thoracic nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Trapezius.
O: superior nuchal lines + spinous processes of C2-T12
I: acromial end of clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula
A: superior - elevates scapula, upward rotates scapula, middle - retracts scapula, inferior - depresses scapula, upward rotates scapula
I: accessory nerve CN XI
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Levator Scapulae.
O: transverse process of C1-C4
I: superior portion of the posterior surface of the medial border of the scapula
A: elevates scapula, downward rotated scapula
I: dorsal scapular nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Rhomoid Minor + Major.
O: spinous processes of C7-T1 (minor) and T2-T5 (major)
I: inferior portion of the posterior surface of the medial border of the scapula
A: elevates scapula, retracts scapula, downward rotated scapula
I: dorsal scapular nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the deltoid.
O: anterior - acromial end of clavicle, lateral - acromion process, posterior - spine of the scapular
I: deltoid tuberosity
A: anterior - flexes shoulder medially rotates shoulder, lateral - abducts shoulder, posterior - extends shoulder laterally rotates shoulder
I: axillary nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the latissimus dorsi.
O: spinous process of T7-L5, iliac crest, inferior ribs 3-4
I: intertubercular sulcus
A: extends shoulder, adducts shoulder medially rotates shoulder
I: thoracodorsal nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the pectoralis major.
O: clavicular - sternal ends of clavicle, sternocostal - anterior surface of sternum + costal cartilage 1-6
I: lateral edge of the intertubercular sulcus, clavicular - flexes shoulder
A: sternocostal - extends shoulder (when flexed), both - adducts shoulder, medially rotates shoulder
I: medial + lateral pectoral nerves
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Teres Major.
O: posterior surfaces of the inferior angle of the scapula
I: medial edge of intertubercular sulcus
A: extends shoulder, adducts shoulder, medially rotates shoulder
I: lower subscapular nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the infraspinatus.
O: infraspinous fossa
I: posterior surfaces of the greater tubercle
A: laterally rotates shoulder
I: suprascapular nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the supraspinatus.
O: supraspinous fossa
I: superior surface of the greater tubercle
A: abducts shoulder
I: suprascapular nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the teres minor.
O: lateral border of scapula
I: posterior surface of greater tubercle
A: laterally rotates shoulder
I: axillary nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the subscapularis.
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle
A: medially rotates shoulder
I: upper/lower subscapular nerves
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Coracobrachialis.
O: coracoid process
I: medial surface of the body of the humerus
A: flexes shoulder, adducts shoulder
I: musculocutaneous nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Biceps Brachii.
O: long head - supraglenoid tubercle, shorthead - coracoid process
I: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
A: flexes shoulder, flexes elbow, supinates forearm
I: musculocutaneous nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Brachialis.
O: anterior surfaces of the body of the humerus
I: coronoid process + ulnar tuberosity
A: flexes elbow
I: musculocutaneous nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Triceps Brachii.
O: long head - infraglenoid tubercle, lateral head - proximal portion of the posterior surface of the body of the humerus, medial head - distal portion of the posterior surface of the body of the humerus
I: olecranon process
A: long head - extends shoulder, all - extends elbow
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Anconeus.
O: lateral epicondyle
I: olecranon process and proximal portion of the posterior ulna
A: extends elbow
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Pronator teres.
O: medial epicondyle and coronoid process
I: middle of lateral radius
A: pronates forearm
I: median nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Pronator quadratus.
O: distal portion of the anterior ulna
I: distal portion of the anterior radius
A: pronates forearm
I: median nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Flexor Carpi Radialis.
O: medial epicondyle
I: metacarpals II - III
A: flexes wrist and abducts wrist
I: median nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris.
O: medial epicondyle and proximal posterior portion of the posterior ulna
I: pisiform, hamate, and metacarpal V
A: flexes wrist and adducts wrist
I: ulnar nerve palmar aponeurosis
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Palmaris Longus.
O: medial epicondyle
I: palmar aponeurosis
A: flexes wrist
I: median nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Flexor digitorum superficialis.
O: medial epicondyle, coronoid process and a ridge along the proximal portion of the
anterior radius
I: middle phalanx of digits II-V
A: flexes wrist, flexes MCP and PIP joints of digits II-V
I: median nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Flexor digitorum profundus.
O: middle of the anterior ulna
I: distal phalanx of digits II - V
A: flexes wrist, flexes MCP, PIP, DIP of digits II-V
I: median nerve and ulnar nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Flexor Pollicis Longus.
O: middle of the anterior radius
I: distal phalanx of digit I
A: flexes wrist, flexes MCP and IP joints of digits I
I: median nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Supinator.
O: lateral epicondyle and the proximal portion of the posterolateral ulna
I: proximal portion of the lateral radius
A: supinates forearm
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Brachioradialis.
O: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
I: styloid process of the radius
A: flexes elbow, pronates forearm (when supinated), supinates forearm (when pronated)
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris.
O: lateral epicondyle and middle of the posterior ulna
I: metacarpal V
A: extends and adducts wrist
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Extensor Digitorum.
O: lateral epicondyle
I: middle + distal phalanges of digits II-V
A: extends wrists, extends MCP, PIP, DIP joints of digits II-V
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus.
O: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
I: metacarpal II
A: extends and abducts wrist
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis.
O: lateral epicondyle
I: metacarpal III
A: extends and abducts wrist
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Extensor digiti minimi.
O: lateral epicondyle
I: proximal phalanx of digit V
A: extends wrist and MCP joint of digit V
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Abductor Pollicis Longus.
O: middle of the posterior ulna and radius
I: metacarpal I
A: abducts wrist, extends digit I (CMC joint) abducts digit I (CMC) joint
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Extensor Indicis.
O: distal portion of the posterior ulna
I: middle + distal phalanges of digit II
A: extends wrist, extends MCP, PIP, DIP joints of digit II
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Extensor Pollicis Long.
O: middle of the posterior ulna
I: distal phalanx of digit I
A: abducts wrist, extends MCP and IP joints of digit I
I: radial nerve
Describe the origins (O), insertions (I), actions (A), and innervations (I) of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis.
O: middle of the posterior radius
I: proximal phalanx of digit I
A: extends MCP joint of digit I
I: radial nerve
