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Upper Limb (Muscles) Flashcards

1
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder flexion

A
  1. anterior deltoid - axillary n
  2. pectoralis major - lateral and medial pectoral n
  3. biceps femoris - musculocutaneous n
  4. coracobrachialis - musculocutaneous n
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2
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder extension

A
  1. posterior deltoid - axillary n
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. teres major
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3
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder abduction

A
  1. supraspinatus (initiation) - suprascapular n
  2. middle deltoid - axillary n
  3. serratus anterior (beyond 120 degrees) - long thoracic n
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4
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder adduction

A
  1. pectoralis major
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. teres major
  4. teres minor
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5
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder medial rotation

A
  1. subscapularis - subscapular n
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. teres major - axillary n
  4. anterior deltoid - axillary n
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6
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in shoulder lateral rotation

A
  1. infraspinatus - suprascapular n
  2. poseterior deltoid - axillary n
  3. teres minor - axillary n
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7
Q

State the muscles involved in
1. shoulder flexion
2. shoulder extension
3. shoulder abduction
4. shoulder adduction
5. shoulder medial rotation
6. shoulder lateral rotation

A

shoulder flexion = anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, biceps, coracobrachialis

shoulder extension = posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major

shoulder abduction = middle deltoid, serratus anterior, supraspinatus

shoulder adduction = pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, teres minor

shoulder medial rotation = subscapularis, latssimus dorsi, anterior deltoid, teres major

shoulder lateral rotation = infraspinatus, posterior deltoid, teres minor

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8
Q

State the myotomes for
ELBOW FLEXION
ELBOW EXTENSION

A

elbow flexion - c5/6
elbow extension - c7/8

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9
Q

State the muscles involved in
1. ELBOW FLEXION
2. ELBOW EXTENSION

A

elbow flexion - biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis, brachioradialis

elbow extension - triceps brachii

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10
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist flexion

A
  1. flexor carpi ulnaris - ulnar n
  2. palmaris longus - median n
  3. flexor carpi radialis - median n
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11
Q

State the origin, insertion and innervation of the
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN WRIST FLEXION

A

FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS (GREEN)
- medial epicondyle of humerus - base of 5th metacarpal + pisiform + hook of hamate
- innervation = ulnar n

PALMARIS LONGUS (YELLOW)
- medial epicondyle of humerus - palmar aponeurosis + flexor retinaculum
- innervation = median n

FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS (PURPLE)
- medial epicondyle of humerus - base of 2nd metacarpal
- innervation = median n

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12
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist extension

A
  1. extensor carpi ulnaris - radial n
  2. extensor carpi radialis longus - radial n
  3. extensor carpi radialis brevis - radial n
  4. Extensor digitorum - radial n
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13
Q

State the origin, insertion and innervation of the
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN WRIST EXTENSION

A

EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS (GREEN)
- lateral epicondyle of humerus - base of 5th metacarpal
- innervation = radial n

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS (PINK)
- lateral SUPRACONDYLE of humerus - base of 2nd metacarpal
- innervation = radial n

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS (PURPLE)
- lateral epicondyle of humerus - base of 4rd metacarpal
- innervation = radial n

EXTENSOR DIGITORUM (YELLOW)
- lateral epicondyle of humerus - extensor expansion of medial 4 digits
- innervation = radial n

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14
Q

State the myotomes for
WRIST FLEXION
WRIST EXTENSION

A

wrist flexion - c6
wrist extension - c7

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15
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist abduction

A
  1. flexor carpi radialis - median n
  2. extensor carpi radialis brevis - radial n
  3. extensor carpi radialis longus - radial n
  4. abductor pollicis longus - radial n
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16
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist adduction

A
  1. flexor carpi ulnaris - ulnar n
  2. extensor carpi ulnaris - radial n
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17
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist supination

A
  1. supinator - deep branch of radial n
  2. biceps brachii - musculocutaneous n
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18
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in wrist pronation

A
  1. pronator teres - median n
  2. pronator quadratus - median n
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19
Q

State the joints involved in
WRIST SUPINATION
WRIST PRONATION

A

proximal radio-ulnar joint + distal radio-ulnar joint

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20
Q

State the origin, insertion and innervation of the
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN WRIST PRONATION

A

PRONATOR TERES (GREEN)
- coronoid process of ulna + medial epicondyle - lateral radius
- innervation = median n

PRONATOR QUADRATUS (YELLOW)
- ulna - radius
- innervation = median n

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21
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in thumb abduction

A
  1. abductor pollicis longus (deep extensor of forearm) - radial n
  2. abductor pollicis brevis (thenar muscle) - median n
22
Q

State the origin, insertion and innervation of the
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN THUMB ABDUCTION

A

ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS (GREEN)
- radius + ulna + interosseous membrane - base of 1st metacarpal
- innervation = radial n

ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS (YELLOW)
- flexor retinaculum - proximal phalanx of 1st metacarpal
- innervation = median n

23
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in thumb adduction

A
  1. adductor pollicis - ulnar n (although located on radial side)
24
Q

State the joints involved in
THUMB ABDUCTION
THUMB ADDUCTION

A

thumb abduction - carpometacarpal joint

thumb adduction- carpometacarpal joint

25
Q

State the myotomes for
THUMB ABDUCTION
THUMB ADDUCTION

26
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in thumb opposition

A
  1. opponens pollicis - median n
27
Q

State the joint involved for
THUMB OPPOSITION

A

thumb opposition - carpometacarpal joint

28
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in thumb flexion

A
  1. flexor pollicis brevis (thenar muscle) - median n
  2. flexor pollicis longus (deep muscle of forearm) - median n
29
Q

State the origin, insertion and innervation of the
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN THUMB FLEXION

A

FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS (GREEN)
- ulna + interosseous membrane - base of distal phalanx of thumb
- innervation = medial 1/2 ulnar n, lateral 1/2 median n

FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS (YELLOW)
- flexor retinaculum + tubercles of schapoid and trapezium - base of proximal phalanx of thumb
- innervation = median n

30
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in thumb extension

A
  1. extensor pollicis longus - radial n
  2. extensor pollicis brevis - radial n
31
Q

State the origin, insertion and innervation of the
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN THUMB EXTENSION

A

EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS (GREEN)
- ulna - base of distal phalanx of thumb
- innervation = radial n

EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS (YELLOW)
- radius + interosseous membrane - base of distal phalanx of thumb
- innervation = radial n

32
Q

State the joints involved in
THUMB FLEXION
THUMB EXTENSION

A

thumb flexion - carpometacarpal joint + metcarpophalangeal joint

thumb extension - metcarpophalangeal joint (longus) + interphalangeal joint (brevis)

33
Q

State the 4 thenar muscles (AFOA)
State their innervation

A
  1. abductor pollicis brevis - median n
  2. flexor pollicis brevis - median n
  3. opponens pollicis - median n
  4. adductor pollicis - ulnar n
34
Q

Identify the muscles. State their action and innervation

A

ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS (GREEN)
- action = abduction of thumb at CMC joint
- innervatio = median n

FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS (PURPLE)
- action = flexion of thumb at CMC joint + MCP joint
- innervation = median n

OPPONENS POLLICIS (YELLOW)
- action = opposition of thumn at CMC joint and MCP joint
- innervation = median n

ADDUCTOR POLLICIS (PINK)
- action = adduction of thumb at CMC joint
- innervation = ulnar n

35
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in finger flexion

A
  1. flexor digitorum superficialis - median n
  2. flexor digitorum profundus - median n (lateral 1/2), ulnar n (medial 1/2)
36
Q

State the joints involved in finger flexion

A

middle phalanges (flexor digitorum superficialis)

distal phalanges (flexor digitorum profundus)

37
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in finger extension

A
  1. extensor digitorum - radial n
  2. extensor digiti minimi - radial n
  3. lumbricals - ulnar n
38
Q

State the joints involved in finger extension

A

extensor digitorum - MCP joint + interphalangeal joint

extensor digiti minimi - MCP joint + PIP joint on 5th finger

lumbricals - interphalangeal joint

39
Q

State the myotomes for
FINGER FLEXION
FINGER EXTENSION

A

finger flexion - c8
finger extension - c7

40
Q

State the muscles and nerves involved in finger abduction + adduction

A

finger abduction - dorsal interossei - ulnar n

finger adduction - ventral interossei - ulnar n

41
Q

State the myotomes for
FINGER ABDUCTION
FINGER ADDUCTION

42
Q

Label the muscles in the arm. State the innervation of each muscle

A

biceps - musculocutaneous n
brachialis - musculocutaneous nerve
triceps brachii - radial n

43
Q

State the boundaries of the cubital fossal.

State the contents of the cubital fossa

A

medially - pronator teres
laterally - brachioradialis
superiorly - lateral to medial epicondyles
inferiorly - brachialis + supinator muscle

contents - median n, bifurcation of brachial A, tendon of biceps brachii, radial n (Mother Buys Ten Rabbits)

44
Q

BICIPITAL APONEUROSIS separates the ____ V from underlying ____ A and ____ N

A

BICIPITAL APONEUROSIS separates the MEDIAN CUBITAL V from underlying BRACHIAL A and MEDIAN N

45
Q

State and label the superficial flexors of forearm. State the actions of each muscle and their innervation.

A

All muscles innervated by median n except FCU by ulnar n

PRONATOR TERES - pronation of wrist
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS - wrist flexion, wrist adduction
PALMARIS LONGUS - wrist flexion
FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS - wrist flexion, wrist abduction

FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS - flexion of middle phalanges

46
Q

State and label the deep flexors of forearm. State the actions of each muscle and their innervation.

A

FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS
- flexion of distal IP joints of medial 4 digits
- medial 1/2 - ulnar n, lateral 1/2 - medial n

FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS
- thumb flexion at MCP and CMJ
- median n

PRONATOR QUADRATUS
- wrist pronation
- median n

47
Q

State and label the superficial extensors of forearm. State the actions of each muscle and their innervation.

A

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
- wrist extension, wrist abduction
- radial n

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS
- wrist extension, wrist abduction
- radial n

EXTENSOR DIGITORUM
- extension of proximal phalanges at MCP joint, wrist extension
- radial n

EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI
- extension of 5th digit at MCP and IP joints
- radial n

EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS
- wrist extension, wrist adduction
- radial n

48
Q

State and label the deep extensors of forearm. State the actions of each muscle and their innervation.

A

ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS
- abduction of thumb at MCP joint, extension of thumb at MCP joint
- radial n

EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS
- extension of distal phalanx at IP joint
- radial n

EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS
- extension of proximal phalanx at MCP joint
- radial n

EXTENSOR INDICIS
- extension of index finger at MCP joint and IP joint
- radial n

49
Q

State the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box. State the contents of the snuff box.

A

Anteriorly - abductor pollicis longus (APL) + extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)

Posteriorly - extensor pollicis longus (EPL)

Contents
- radial A
- scaphoid and trapezium bones

50
Q

State the 3 kinds of wrist fractures/disclocation. State the common causes of each fracture.

A
  1. distal radius fracture (smith’s fracture) - foosh
  2. scaphoid fracture (colle’s fracture) - foosh with wrist extended and abducted
  3. anterior dislocation of lunate - fall on dorsiflexed wrist (leads to carpal tunnel syndroem)
51
Q

State the innervation of the lumbricals. State their actions.

A

lumbricals - flexion of digits at MCP joints, extension of digits at IP joints
- lumbricals 1 + 2 - median n
- lumbricals 3 + 4 - ulnar n

M2 Anatomy (22 decks)

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