Upper limb ischemia Flashcards
1
Q
Why is symptomatic upper limb ischemia uncommon?
A
Abundant collaterals
Infrequency of atherosclerosis
2
Q
Name causes of upper limb ischemia
A
Atherosclerosis Arteritis Congenital anomalies Trauma Fibromuscular dysplasia Peripheral emboli Chest RT
3
Q
Name investigations in upper limb ischemia
A
Bloods (ESR, rheumatoid factor, antinuclear factor)
Imaging (CXR, c spine XR, hand XR, TEE, doppler, arteriography)
4
Q
Discuss the management of upper limb ischemia
A
Medical
- risk factor modification
Surgical
- bypass
- percutaneous balloon angioplasty
- aneurysm resection
- rib removal
- cervical sympathectomy
5
Q
Define Raynaud’s syndrome
A
Episodic pallor/cyanosis of the fingers due to vasoconstriction of small digital arteries/arterioles
6
Q
Name the characteristics of primary Raynaud’s syndrome
A
Female <45yo Vasospasm of multiple digits Normal vascular examination No skin abnormalities at room temperature Normal laboratory results
7
Q
Discuss the management of primary Raynaud’s
A
Medical
- vasodilators
Surgical
- sympathectomy
