Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MBChB Surgery > Portal hypertension > Flashcards

Portal hypertension Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal blood pressure in the portal venous circulation?

A

3-5mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

At what pressure is portal hypertension diagnosed?

A

> 6mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

At what pressure do varices develop?

A

> 8mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

At what pressure do varices bleed?

A

> 12mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name common sites for varices to occur

A

Esophago-gastric
Peri-umbilical
Retroperitoneal
Rectal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the causes of portal hypertension

A
  1. Pre-hepatic
  2. Hepatic
  3. Post-hepatic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name pre-hepatic causes of portal hypertension

A

Schistosomiasis (adults)

Portal vein thrombosis (children)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name hepatic causes of portal hypertension

A 
Hepatitis B 
Hepatitis C
Alcohol liver cirrhosis
NASH 
Wilson's disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name post-hepatic causes of portal hypertension

A

Budd-Chiari syndrome

Hepatopulmonary syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the clinical presentation of portal hypertension?

A

Variceal bleeding

  • haematemesis
  • PR bleeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Discuss the management of portal hypertension?

A 
Resus 
Somatostatin analogue 
PPI
Prophylactic antibiotic
Bloods (FBC, U+E, LFT, INR) 
Child-Pugh score 
Treat the cause
Emergency portosystemic shunt if bleeding does not stop 
Lifelong non-selective beta blockers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name somatostatin analogues?

A

Octreotide
Somatostatin
Terlipressin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the role of somatostatin analogues in the management of portal hypertension?

A

Decrease splanchnic blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the role of PPIs in the management of portal hypertension

A

Increase gastric pH

Blood clot stabilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Discuss the management of oesophageal varices

A

Endoscopy

  • rubber band ligation
  • injection sclerotherapy
  • SEMS
  • Sengstaken Blakemore tube
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name types of portosystemic shunts

A

Non-selective

Selective

17
Q

Name complications of portosystemic shunts

A

Post-shunt encephelopathy (selective

18
Q

Name indications for variceal surgery

A
  1. Ongoing variceal bleeding despite intervention
  2. Recurrent variceal bleeding
  3. C/I for non-selective beta blockers
  4. Access to care

MBChB Surgery (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions