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Control and Movement Term 1 > Upper limb gross anatomy 4: The hand > Flashcards

Upper limb gross anatomy 4: The hand Flashcards

1
Q

What mnemonic can be used to remember the carpal bones?

A 
Some  Scaphoid
Lovers Lunate
Try  Triquetral 
Positions  Pisiform
They  Trapezium
Cannot  Capitate
Handle  Hamate
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2
Q

Where are the carpometacarpal joints?

A

Between the carpal and metacarpal bones.

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3
Q

Which carpal bones are involved in the first carpometacarpal joint and what shape is the joint?

A

Trapezium and first metacarpal. Saddle-shaped joint.

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4
Q

Describe the movements that the thumb is capable of making.

A 
Abduction
Adduction
Extension
Flexion
Opposition
Reposition
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5
Q

What is the function of the palmar aponeuronsis?

A
  • Extended tendon of the palmaris longus
  • Forms four digital bands that radiate from the apex and attach distally to the bases of the proximal phalanges.
  • Part of deep fascia of the palm
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6
Q

What are the muscles of the hypothenar eminences?

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Opponens digiti

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7
Q

What are the attachments of abductor digiti minimi?

A

Proximal - pisiform

Distal - medial side of base of 5th proximal phalanx

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8
Q

What is the innervation to the abductor digiti minimi?

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8&T1)

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9
Q

What is the main action of abductor digiti minimi?

A

Abduct 5th digit, assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx.

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10
Q

What are the attachments of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Proximal - hook of hamate and flexor renitaculum

Distal - medial side of base of 5th proximal phalanx

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11
Q

What is the innervation to the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8&T1)

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12
Q

What are the actions of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

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13
Q

What are the attachments of opponens digiti?

A

Proximal - hook of hamate and flexor renitaculum

Distal - medial border of 5th metacarpal

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14
Q

What is the innervation to opponens digiti?

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8&T1)

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15
Q

What are the actions of opponens digiti?

A

Draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it, bringing 5th digit into opposition with thumb.

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16
Q

What are the muscles of the thenar eminences?

A

Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis

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17
Q

What are the attachments of opponens pollicis?

A

Proximal - flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Distal - Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

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18
Q

What is the innervation to opponens pollicis?

A

Recurrent branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

19
Q

What are the actions of opponens pollicis?

A

To oppose the thumb - draws 1st metacarpal medially to the centre of the palm and rotates it medially.

20
Q

What are the attachments of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Proximal: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Distal: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

21
Q

What is the innervation to the abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Recurrent branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

22
Q

What is the action of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Abducts thumb and helps oppose.

23
Q

What are the attachments of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Proximal: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Distal: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

24
Q

What is the innervation to flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Superficial head - recurrent branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

Deep head - deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

25
Q

What is the action of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Flexes thumb.

26
Q

What are the attachments of the oblique head of adductor pollicis?

A

Proximal - base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate and adjacent carpals
Distal - medial side of base of proximal phalanx

27
Q

What are the attachments of the transverse head of adductor pollicis?

A

Proximal - anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal

Distal - medial side of base of proximal phalanx

28
Q

What is the innervation to adductor pollicis?

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

29
Q

What are the actions of adductor pollicis?

A

Adducts thumb towards lateral border of palm.

30
Q

What movements are possible at the 1st carpometacarpal joint?

A
  • Abduction and adduction occur around the antero-posterior axis
  • Flexion and extension occur around the lateral axis
31
Q

What movements are possible at the 1st carpometacarpal joint?

A
  • Flexion/extension
  • Supinatory rotation 10-15 degrees
  • Abduction/adduction
32
Q

What is the nerve supply to the muscles of the hypothenar eminence?

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

33
Q

Why is the ulnar nerve clinically important?

A

Supplies motor innervation to opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis and superficial part of flexor pollicis brevis.
Very superficial to the palm - prone to damage if the wrist/hand is cut.

34
Q

What is the nerve supply to adductor pollicis?

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

35
Q

What are the attachments of the 1st lumbrical?

A

Origin - radial side of the most radial tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
Insertion - extensor near the metacarpophalangeal joint of the index finger

36
Q

What are the attachments of the 2nd lumbrical?

A

Origin - radial side of 2nd most radial tendon of flexor digitorum profundus of the middle finger
Insertion - extensor near the metacarpophalangeal joint of the middle finger

37
Q

What are the attachments of the 3rd lumbrical?

A

Origin - one head on radial side of flexor digitorum profudus of ring finger, the other on the ulnar side of tendon of the middle finger.
Insertion - Exstensor expansion of ring finger

38
Q

What are the attachments of the 4th lumbrical?

A

Origin - one head the radial side of flexor digitorum profundus of the little finger, the other on ulnar side of ring finger
Insertion - radial side of little finger, inserts on extensor expansion

39
Q

What are the actions of the lumbricals?

A

They flex the fingers at the metacarpophalageal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints.

40
Q

What is the nerve supply to the lumbricals?

A

1st&2nd - median nerve

3rd&4th - deep branch of ulnar nerve

41
Q

Which muscle abducts digit 5?

A

Abductor digiti minimi

42
Q

Which muscle adduct and abducts digit 1?

A

Abductor pollicis brevi, adductor pollicis

43
Q

Where do the digital branches originate?

A

Common digital branches originate from the superficial palmar arch. Proper palmar digital arteries arise from the common.

Control and Movement Term 1 (23 decks)

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