Practical neuroanatomy 3: Forebrain, ventricles and CSF Flashcards
What is meant by the term ‘primary sensory (or motor) cortex?
Area primarily responsible for that function.
Which functional areas of cortex would be affected by blockage of the posterior cerebral artery?
Visual cortex
Pain and temperature sensation
?anything else
Which cerebral arteries supply the primary projection cortex for general sensory information?
ACA
MCA
Which cerebral artery supplies the primary auditory cortex?
MCA (inferior cortical branch)
What is the function of association fibres?
Interconnect cortical sites lying within the same cerebral hemisphere.
What is the function of commissural fibres?
Run from one hemisphere to the other connecting functionally related areas.
What is the function of projection fibres?
Pass between the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures such as the thalamus, striatum, brainstem and spinal cord.
Name the major commissure of the brain.
The corpus callosum.
What are the main basal ganglia?
Dorsal striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen)
Ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle)
Globus pallidus
Ventral pallidum
Substantia nigra
Subthalamic nucleus
What is the corpus striatum?
Corpus striatum = dorsal striatum + ventral striatum + globus pallidus
What is the major function of the basal ganglia?
- Control of movement
- Interface with limbic system
- Involved in the physical expression of behaviours driven by affective and motivational states
What are the anatomical divisions of the internal capsule?
Anterior limb (frontal part) Genu (flexure) Posterior limb (occipital part)
What kind of fibres run the internal capsule?
Corticospinal
Corticobulbar
Various others in the retro- and sublenticular regions
Which part of the ventricular system is located in the diencephalon?
Third ventricle
Which part of the ventricular system is located in the midbrain?
?Cerebral aqueduct
Which part of the ventricular system is located in the pons?
Fourth ventricle
Where would you find the foramen of Magendie?
Medial aperture on caudal roof of fourth ventricle.
Where would you find the foramen of Monro?
The interventricular foramen. Connects each lateral ventricle to the third ventricle.
Where is the foramen of Luschka?
One on each side of the fourth ventricle.
What is choroid plexus?
Formed by invagination of vascular pia mater into ventricular lumen. Found in lateral, third and fourth ventricles. Produces CSF. Most CSF is produced by the lateral ventricles.
At which sites is blockage of CSF circulation most likely to occur?
- cerebral aqueduct
- Foramen of Monro
- Foramina in fourth ventricle
Which parts of the ventricular system would become enlarged if the foramen of Monro became blocked?
Lateral ventricle(s)
Which parts of the ventricular system would become enlarged as a result of blockage at the fourth ventricle?
Cerebral aqueduct, lateral and third ventricles.
Which parts of the ventricular system would become enlarged if the cerebral aqueduct became blocked?
Lateral and third ventricles.
