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Control and Movement Term 1 > Control lecture 6: Functional organisation of the cerebral cortex > Flashcards

Control lecture 6: Functional organisation of the cerebral cortex Flashcards

1
Q

Is the central sulcus continuous with the lateral sulcus?

A

No

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2
Q

What are the names of the sulci found within the temporal lobe?

A

Superior and inferior temporal sulci

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3
Q

What are the names of the gyri found within the temporal lobe?

A

Superior, middle and inferior gyri.

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4
Q

Where would you find the primary auditory cortex?

A

Superior temporal gyrus

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5
Q

What sulcus lies perpendicular to the parieto-occipital sulcus within the occipital lobe?

A

The calcarine sulcus.

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6
Q

What is the function of the gyri that lie either side of the calcarine sulcus?

A

Primary visual cortex.

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7
Q

Where are the cingulate sulcus and gyrus?

A

Above the corpus callosum running in the same shape.

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8
Q

What alternative name is given to the cingulate gyrus?

A

The limbic lobe

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9
Q

Where is the parahippocampal gyrus?

A

Caudal to the diencephalon.

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10
Q

What is the function of the hippocampus and where is it?

A

Memory.

Runs parallel to the parahippocampal gyrus deep within the temporal lobe.

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11
Q

Where is the connection between the cingulate gyrus and the parahippocampal gyrus?

A

Posterior to the splenium of the corpus callosum - isthmus?

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12
Q

What is the cingulum?

A

A tract of association fibres running from the frontal lobe, through the parietal, connecting to the occipital and ending at the uncus of the temporal lobe - all via the cingulate gyrus.

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13
Q

What is the functional significance of the cingulum?

A

Transfers information from all lobes to the hippocampus - memory forming.

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14
Q

Where is the primary gustatory projection area?

A

Inferior post-central gyrus

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15
Q

Where is the primary olfactory projection area?

A

Uncus

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16
Q

What is the difference in blood supply between the medial part of a hemisphere and the lateral part of a hemisphere?

A

Medial - ACA

Lateral - MCA

17
Q

Where would you find the ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus and ventral posteromedial (VMP) nucleus.

A

Thalamus

18
Q

From where does the lateral VPL receive input?

A

Leg projects to midline.

19
Q

From where does the medial VPL receive input?

A

Arm projects to lateral region

20
Q

From where does the VMP receive input?

A

Face projects to lateral region

21
Q

What is the function of secondary (association) sensory areas?

A

Recieves input from primary sensory area. Involved in interpretation/understanding.

22
Q

What is the function of secondary (association) motor areas?

A

Sends output to primary motor area. Organises pattern of movement.

23
Q

Where is the secondary general sensory (somaesthetic) area?

A

Superior parietal lobe

24
Q

Where is the secondary visual area?

A

Pre-striate area

25
Q

Where is the secondary auditory area?

A

Lateral fissure/superior temporal gyri

26
Q

Where is the (secondary) premotor area?

A

Anterior to precentral sulcus on lateral surface

27
Q

Where is the (secondary) supplementary motor area?

A

Anterior to precentral sulcus on medial surface

28
Q

What does damage of secondary sensory areas lead to?

A

Disorders of understanding. Awareness of sensation still exists but significance of the sensation is lost.

29
Q

What does damage of secondary motor areas lead to?

A

Inability to carry out purposeful movements, although there is no paralysis.

30
Q

What are the functions of the parieto-temporal cortex?

A
  • Integrates information of different modalities

- Involved in memory

31
Q

What are the functions of the prefrontal cortex?

A
  • Regulates moods and feelings

- Involved in higher order cognitive functions -conceptualisation, planning, judgement

32
Q

What is cerebral dominance?

A

The lateralisation of function - usually associated with handedness i.e. right handed people are left hemisphere dominant. Auditory association areas are found in the dominant hemisphere. The non-dominant hemisphere is usually associated with spatial awareness.

33
Q

What is Broca’s area and what happens when it is damaged?

A

Anterior auditory association area - motor or expressive (production of speech). Damage results in expressive aphasia.

34
Q

What is Wernicke’s area and what happens when it is damaged?

A

Posterior auditory association area - sensory or receptive (understanding of speech). Damage results in receptive aphasia.

Control and Movement Term 1 (23 decks)

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