Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy > Upper Limb: Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Upper Limb: Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

Which ventral rami unite to form the “typical” branches?

A

C5-T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which ventral rami unite to form the inferior trunk of the brachial plexus?

A. C5-C6
B. C6-C7
C. C8-T1

A

C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or False: All the trunks of the brachial plexus will give rise to anterior and posterior divisions.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which divisions unite to form the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?

A. Posterior divisions of the superior and inferior trunks
B. Anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks
C. Anterior divisions of the middle and inferior trunks
D. Posterior divisions of the middle and inferior trunks

A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which of the following nerves is considered a supraclavicular branch of the brachial plexus? Select all that apply.

Dorsal scapular nevre
Radial nerve
Suprascapular nerve
Long thoracic nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
Axillary nerve

A

Dorsal scapular nerve
Suprascapular nerve
Long thoracic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which of the following nerves are considered terminal branches of the brachial plexus? Select all that apply.

Lateral pectoral nerve
Upper subscapular nerve
Axillary nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
Median nerve
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve

A

Axillary nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
Median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which of the following spaces is considered a space of the thoracic outlet? Select all that apply.

Quadrangular space
Scalene triangle
Triangular space
Costoclavicular space
Subpectoral space

A

Scalene triangle
Costoclavicular space
Subpectoral space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which structures form the scalene triangle?

A

Anterior scalene, middle scalene, 1st rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The __________ branches of the brachial plexus arise from the cords and supply muscles of the arm, forearm, and hand region.

A

Infraclavicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The __________ branches of the brachial plexus arise from ventral rami of spinal nerves C5 through T1 and the superior trunk, and supply several muscles of the shoulder region.

A

Supraclavicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does prefixed brachial plexus mean?

A

Large contribution from C4, less or no contribution from T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does post-fixed brachial plexus mean?

A

Large contribution from T2, less or no contribution from C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What two supraclavicular branches arise from the roots of spinal nerves?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the three trunks of the brachial plexus?

A

Superior, middle, inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What rami form each trunk of the brachial plexus?

A

Superior: C5, C6
Middle: C7
Inferior: C8, T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What two supraclavicular branches arise from the superior trunk? What spinal nerves do they both originate from?

A

Suprascapular nerve
Nerve to subclavius
Both arise from C5, C6

17
Q

What divions form the cords of the brachial plexus?

A

Lateral cord: Anterior divisions of superior and middle trunks
Medial cord: Anterior division of inferior trunk
Posterior cord: Posterior divisions of superior, middle, and inferior trunks

18
Q

Where are the cords of the brachial plexus in relation to the axillary artery?

A

They are NAMED according to their directional relation!

Lateral cord is lateral
Medial cord is medial
Posterior cord is posterior

19
Q

What three nerves arise from the posterior cord? What two terminal branches?

A

Upper subscapular nerve
Lower subscapular nerve
Thoracodorsal nerve

Terminal branches: axillary nerve, radial nerve

20
Q

What nerve arises from the lateral cord? What two terminal branches?

A

Lateral pectoral nerve

Terminal branches: Musculocutaneous, contribution to median nerve

21
Q

If the posterior cord supplies muscles of the posterior compartment and posterior aspects of the upper limb, which cord supplies the anterior?

A

Medial cord

Supplies anterior arm and forearm, muscles of the hand, and majority of skin of anterior upper limb

22
Q

What three nerves arise from the medial cord? What two terminal branches?

A

Medial pectoral nerve
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

Terminal branches: ulnar nerve, contribution to median nerve

23
Q

That 3 spaces form the thoracic outlet?

A

Scalene triangle, costoclavicular space, subpectoral space

24
Q

What forms the scalene triangle? What passes through this space? What is unique about this space?

A
  1. Anterior scalene, middle scalene, first rib
  2. Superior brachial plexus and subclavian artery
  3. Subclavian vein passes ANTERIORLY to scalene triangle
25
Q

What forms the costoclavicular space? What passes through this space?

A

Clavicle, subclavius, 1st and 2nd ribs
Brachial plexus, axillary artery, axillary vein

26
Q

What forms the subpectoral space? What passes through it?

A

Insertion of pectoralis minor, ribs 3-5
Cords of brachial plexus, axillary artery, axillary vein

27
Q

____________ is a category of syndromes describing the entrapment of neurovascular structures within their space.

A

Thoracic outlet syndrome

28
Q

____________ occurs when the brachial plexus is pinched between the clavicle and first rib.

A. Scalenus anticus syndrome
B. Costoclavicular syndrome
C. Pectoralis minor syndrome
D. Cervical rib syndrome

A

B.

29
Q

_________ occurs when the brachial plexus and vessels are compressed between the pectoralis minor and underlying ribs.

A. Scalenus anticus syndrome
B. Costoclavicular syndrome
C. Pectoralis minor syndrome
D. Cervical rib syndrome

A

C

30
Q

________ is caused by an abnormal cervical rib associated with the seventh cervical vertebra; when this occurs, it stretches the brachial plexus and associated vessels secondary to their passing across this extra rib.

A. Scalenus anticus syndrome
B. Costoclavicular syndrome
C. Pectoralis minor syndrome
D. Cervical rib syndrome

A

D

31
Q

___________ is the result of compression by a particularly broad or spastic anterior scalene muscle that lies anterior to the brachial plexus and subclavian artery.

A. Scalenus anticus syndrome
B. Costoclavicular syndrome
C. Pectoralis minor syndrome
D. Cervical rib syndrome

A

A

32
Q

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of TOS (thoracic outlet syndrome):

A. Loss of sensation to the neck region
B. Loss of sensation or tingling of the arm and hand
C. Pain in the neck, arm, and or hand
D. Weak or no pulse in the affected arm
E. Swelling of the arm or hand

A

A

33
Q

_____________ is a traumatic injury to the brachial plexus that occurs to an infant during childbirth.

A

Neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP)

34
Q

___________ presents as absent shoulder abduction, external rotation, and elbow flexion.

A. Erbs Palsy (damage to the upper trunk)
B. Damage to the upper and middle trunks
C. Klumpke Palsy (damage to the lower trunk)
D. Damage to the entire plexus

A

A

35
Q

__________ presents are weakness of the muscles of the forearm and hand.

A. Erbs Palsy (damage to the upper trunk)
B. Damage to the upper and middle trunks
C. Klumpke Palsy (damage to the lower trunk)
D. Damage to the entire plexus

A

C

36
Q

________ presents as upper extremity paralysis.

A. Erbs Palsy (damage to the upper trunk)
B. Damage to the upper and middle trunks
C. Klumpke Palsy (damage to the lower trunk)
D. Damage to the entire plexus

A

D

37
Q

___________ presents as absent shoulder abduction, external rotation, elbow flexion, weak elbow extension and wrist extension.

A. Erbs Palsy (damage to the upper trunk)
B. Damage to the upper and middle trunks
C. Klumpke Palsy (damage to the lower trunk)
D. Damage to the entire plexus

A

B

38
Q

What part of the plexus supplies the muscles of the posterior arm and forearm and the majorly of the posterior aspects of the skin of the upper limb?

A

Posterior cord

39
Q

Your patient sustained a knife wound damaging the proximal median nerve. What clinical signs are you likely to see of the below?

A. Absence of elbow extension and impaired sensation of the skin over the posterior arm
B. Weak shoulder abduction and impaired sensation of skin overlying the deltoid
C. Weak elbow flexion and impaired sensation of the skin of the anterolateral forearm
D. Absence of wrist flexion and sensory loss of skin of lateral aspects of the palmar surface of hand
E. Weak wrist flexion and sensory loss of skin of the lateral aspects of the palmar surface of the hand

A

E

WEAK wrist flexion—everything except flexor carpi ulnaris (ulnar nerve) is innervated by median; flexion would not be absent

A = radial nerve injury
B = axillary nerve injury
C = musculocutaneous nerve injury
D =

Human Anatomy (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions