Upper limb

Question 1

how is the serratus anterior tested (long thoracic nerve)

Answer 1

push against wall - check for winging of the scapula

Question 2

how is the supraspinatus muscle tested

Answer 2

resist abduction of first 15 degrees of movement of the arm

Question 3

what nerve roots are responsible for shoulder abduction

Answer 3

C5

Question 4

what nerve roots are responsible for shoulder adduction

Answer 4

C6,7,8

Question 5

what nerve roots are responsible for shoulder external rotation

Answer 5

C5

Question 6

what nerve roots are responsible for shoulder internal rotation

Answer 6

C6,7,8

Question 7

what nerve roots are responsible for elbow flexion

Answer 7

C5,6

Question 8

what nerve roots are responsible for elbow extension

Answer 8

C7,8

Question 9

what nerve roots are responsible for wrist flexion

Answer 9

C6,7

Question 10

what nerve roots are responsible for wrist extension

Answer 10

C6,7

Question 11

what nerve roots are responsible for flexion of the long tendons to the hand

Answer 11

C7,8

Question 12

what nerve roots are responsible for extension of the long tendons to the hand

Answer 12

C7,8

Question 13

where is sensation of C4 tested

Answer 13

shoulder

Question 14

where is sensation of C5 tested

Answer 14

lateral side of arm

Question 15

where is sensation of C6 tested

Answer 15

lateral side of the forearm and thumb

Question 16

where is sensation of C7 tested

Answer 16

middle and ring finger

Question 17

where is sensation of C8 tested

Answer 17

medial side of hand, forearm, little finger

Question 18

where is sensation of T1 tested

Answer 18

medial side of upper forearm and arm

Question 19

where is sensation of T2 tested

Answer 19

axilla

Question 20

what are the boundaries of the axilla

Answer 20

anterior wall = pectoralis major and minor
posterior wall = scapula and subscapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi
medial wall = chest wall (rib 1-4), stratus anterior
lateral wall = inter tubercular groove of humerus
apex = between first rib, clavicle and superior border of subscapularis muscle

Question 21

what are the boundaries of the cubital fossa

Answer 21

brachioradialis, pronator teres, line between epicondyles

Question 22

what is the position of the flexor retinaculum

Answer 22

proximal extent is marked by the distal wrist crease

spreads over thumb and little finger

Question 23

what are the boundaries of the anatomical snuff-box

Answer 23

anterior = abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
posterior = extensor pollicis longus 

contains radial artery

Question 24

what nerve innervates deltoid

Answer 24

axillary

Question 25

what nerve innervates biceps

Answer 25

musculocutaneous

Question 26

what nerve innervates triceps

Answer 26

radial

Question 27

how is the median nerve tested

Answer 27

motor: place patient arm in pronated position and ask them to maintain this while doctor tries to supinate
sensory: thumb and index finger

Question 28

how is the radial nerve tested

Answer 28

motor: does triceps work
sensory: dorsoradial aspect of wrist and hand

Question 29

how is the ulnar nerve tested

Answer 29

motor: ulnar deviation and wrist flexion against resistance
sensory: little finger

Question 30

how is the musculocutaneous nerve tested

Answer 30

motor: does biceps work
sensory: lateral aspect of forearm