Lower limb Flashcards
what nerve is responsible for the patellar tendon reflex
L4
what nerve is responsible for the ankle jerk reflex
S1
what are the borders of the femoral triangle
inguinal ligament
adductor longus
sartorius
contains femoral nerve, artery and vein
what are the borders of the popliteal fossa
biceps femoris
semimembranosus
lateral and medial gastrocnemius
contains popliteal artery, vein, tibial and common perineal nerve, short saphenous vein and popliteal lymph nodes
how is the gluteal safe area found
index finger on ASIS and middle finger on the iliac tubercle
what are the arches of the foot
medial
lateral
transverse
where is the long saphenous vein located
runs upwards 2cm in front of the medial malleolus, along medial side of the leg, patella and thigh until it reaches saphenous opening in the inguinal region
where is the short saphenous vein located
passes posteriorly to the lateral malleolus at the ankle, runs superiorly on the posterior leg and drains into the popliteal vein in the popliteal fossa
where does the sciatic nerve run
leaves greater sciatic notch and enters gluteal region at midpoint between PSIS and ischial tuberosity.
Curves downwards to pass into thigh at midpoint between greater trochanter and ischial tuberosity
how is the sciatic nerve tested
test hamstrings (pt on front leg at 30 degrees, resist further flexion)
how is the gluteal nerve tested
test gluteal muscles (pt on side, abducts leg against resistance)
how is the femoral nerve tested
flex thigh against resistance
how is the obturator nerve tested
pt lies on side with upper leg lifted and supported, pt adducts lower leg against resistance
how is the superficial peroneal nerve tested
against resistance pt tries to evert foot
how is the deep peroneal nerve tested
against resistance pt tries to invert foot
