Upper Limb 3 Flashcards
Which muscle adducts the wrist
Flexor Carpi ulnaris
Which muscle abducts the wrist
Flexor carpi radialis
Where is the common flexor origin
The medial epicondyle of the humerus
Which nerve innervates the superficial muscles of the anterior forearm
- the median supples the palmaris longus, flexor Carpi radialis and pronator teres
- the ulnar nerve supplies the flexor Carpi ulnaris
Which joint does the brachioradialis work
The elbow joint - flexion
Which nerve innervates the brachioradialis
Radial nerve
What is the distal attachment of the flexor digitorum superficialis
The shaft of the middle phalange on each finger which isn’t the thumb
What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis
Median nerve
Action of the flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexes the wrist and flexes the metacarpopharyngeal joints and proximal interpharyngeal joints of the 4 digits not including the thumb
Which muscles flex the wrist
- Flexor Carpi ulnaris
- flexor Carpi radialis
- palmaris longus (when present)
Action of flexor digitorum profundus
Flexion of distal interpharyngeal joints and flexion of wrist and flexion of metacarpopharyngeal joints
Innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus
The medial 2 fingers are innervated by ulnar and more lateral 2 fingers (middle and index) are innervated by median
Where does the flexor digitorum profundus originate and attach
Anterior surface of ulna and inserts on distal phalanges of 4 fingers
Action of the pronator quadratus
Pronation of forearm
Innervation of the pronator quadratus
Median nerve
Where does the flexor pollicis longus originate and then attach
Anterior surface of radius to the distal phalange of the thumb
Action of the flexor pollicis longus
Flexes interpharyngeal and metacarpopharyngeal joint of the thumb
Which muscle does the supinator directly oppose
Pronator teres
Where does the supinator originate
The lateral epicondyle and ulna and inserts into the radius
Innervation of the flexor pollicis longus
Median nerve
Which muscle is described as the long flexor of the thumb
Flexor pollicis longus
Which muscles does the median nerve not supply in the forearm
The flexor Carpi ulnaris and the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar nerve)
What structure does the median nerve pass below to enter the hand
The flexor retinaculum of the hand
Describe the path of the ulnar nerve
After passing posterior to the median epicondyle of the humerus, the ulnar nerve enters the forearm by passing between the heads of the flexor Carpi ulnaris muscle
What is the relationship of the ulnar artery and ulnar nerve during their course in the forearm
The nerve is medial to the artery
Contents of the carpal tunnel
- Median nerve
- 4 tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis
- 4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
- 1 tendon of the flexor pollicis longus
What forms the roof of the carpal tunnel
Flexor retinaculum
Which nerve passes through the carpal tunnel
Median nerve
What causes carpal tunnel syndrome
Compression of the medial nerve
Which group of muscles will atrophy in carpal tunnel syndrome
The thenar eminence
What does the median nerve supply once through the carpal tunnel
- sensory innervation to the palmar skin and dorsal nail beds of the lateral 3 and a half digits
- motor innervation to the lateral two lumbricals
- thenar muscle group - thumb
Which muscles is the palmar aponeurosis continuous with
- palmaris longus tendon and flexor retinaculum
Which muscles make up the thenar eminence
- adductor pollicis brevis
- flexor pollicis brevis
- opponens pollicis
Which nerve innervates all the muscles of the thenar eminence
The median nerve
What is the root value of the nerve which innervates the muscles of the thenar eminence
(Median) C8, T1
Name the muscles of the hypothenar eminence
- flexor digiti minimi
- abductor digiti minimi
- opponens digiti mimimi
What nerve supplies the muscles of the hypothenar eminence
Ulnar nerve
What is the action of adductor pollicis
Adduction of the thumb
Innervation of the adductor pollicis
Ulnar nerve
From which tendon do the lumbricals originate
Flexor digitorum profundus
What is the action of the lumbricals
FLEXION of the fingers at the metacarpopharyngeal joint and simultaneous EXTENSION of the interpharyngeal joints of 2nd to 5th digits
Innervation of the lumbricals
The medial 2 are innervated by the ulnar and the lateral 2 are innervated by the median
What is the action of the dorsal interossei
Abduct the fingers - away from axial line
What is the action of the palmar interossei
Adduction of the fingers - towards the axial line - the middle finger
Which nerve innervates the dorsal and palmar interossei
Ulnar nerve
Where would pain be felt in a scaphoid fracture
The anatomical snuffbox
Which nerve can be damaged in a fracture of the lunate carpal bone
The median nerve
What kind of joint is the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Saddle type synovial
What kind of joint is the wrist joint
Synovial condyloid
Which carpal bones are part of the wrist joint
- scaphoid
- lunate
- triquetrum
What movement can occur at the wrist joint
Flexion, extension, adduction and abduction
Which muscles flex the wrist
Flexor Carpi ulnaris, flexor Carpi radialis and flexor digitorum superficialis assists
Which muscle extend the wrist
Extensor Carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensor Carpi ulnaris and extensor digitorum assists
Which muscles adduct the wrist joint
Extensor Carpi ulnaris and flexor Carpi ulnaris
Which muscles abduct the wrist joint
Flexor Carpi radialis and extensor Carpi radialis longus and brevis
Easiest way to fracture scaphoid bone
Falling Ono outstretched hand
