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Anatomy And Medical Imaging > Upper Limb > Flashcards

Upper Limb Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What forms the Pectoral girdle?

A

Scapula and clavicle

Attach upper limb to axial skeleton (trunk)

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2
Q

What are the anterior muscles of the Pectoral girdle?

A
  1. Subclavius
  2. Pectoralis minor
  3. Pectoralis major (extrinsic shoulder)
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3
Q

What are the 4 posterior muscles of the Pectoral girdle?
Extrinsic shoulder muscle?

A
  1. Levator scapulae
  2. Trapezius
  3. Rhomboid major
  4. Rhomboid minor

Extrinsic: latissimus dorsi

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4
Q

What is the axilla?

A

A passage way for neurovascular structures between the trunk and the upper limb (the arm pit)

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Most mobile, largest and least stable joint of upper limb

Ball and socket synovial joint

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6
Q

What does the axilla contain?

A
  • axillary artery
  • axillary vein
  • axilary lymph nodes
  • brachial plexus
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7
Q

what forms the apex boundary of the axilla?

A

cervico-axillary canal between clavicle and the first rib

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8
Q

what forms the floor boundary of the axilla?

A

axillary fascia and skin between the upper arm and lateral thoracic wall

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9
Q

Which muscles form the anterior wall boundary of the axilla?

A

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor

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10
Q

Which muscles form the posterior wall boundary of the axilla?

A

subscapularis, latissimus dorsi and teres major

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11
Q

what forms the lateral wall boundary of the axilla?

A

humerus

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12
Q

what forms the medial wall boundary of the axilla?

A

lateral thoracic wall

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13
Q

Roots of which spinal nerves give rise to the brachial plexus?

A

C5-C8 and T1

these provide almost all the nerve supply to the upper limb

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14
Q

What are the 5 main terminal branches of the brachial plexus?

A
  1. Musculocutaneous nerve
  2. Axillary nerve
  3. Median nerve
  4. Radian nerve
  5. Ulnar nerve
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15
Q

Where does the musculocutaneous supply?

A

Anterior (upper) arm muscles

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16
Q

Where does the axillary nerve supply?

A

Shoulder - deltoid and teres minor

17
Q

Where does the median nerve supply

A

anterior forearm muscles, 1st 3 and half digits

18
Q

Where does the radian nerve supply?

A

posterior arm and forearm muscles, dorsal hand and lateral palm

19
Q

where does the ulnar nerve supply?

A

last 1 and half didgits, medial palm

20
Q

what liagament joins the acromium to the clavicle?

A

acromioclavicular ligament

21
Q

what ligament joins the clavicle to the coracoid process?

A

conoid ligamnet (comes off of the conoid tubercle)

22
Q

What runs through the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus?

A

Long head of the biceps branchii tendon

It is covered by synovial sheath

23
Q

What do the anterior compartment muscles do to the glenohumeral and elbow joints?

A

flex (arm flexors)

24
Q

What do the posterior compartment muscles do to the glenohumeral and elbow joints?

A

extend (arm extensors)

25
Q

Name the upper arm flexors

A
  • Biceps branchii - (long and short head)
  • Branchialis
  • Coraco-branchialis

(ALL ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT)

26
Q

Name the upper arm extendors

A

Triceps branchii
- long head
- medial head
- lateral head

(ALL POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT)

27
Q

Moving palm anteriorly is what?

A

Supination

28
Q

Moving palm posteriorly is?

A

Pronation

29
Q

What hapens to the radius during pronation?

A

The distal end of the radius moves medially over the ulna

30
Q

what is found inbetween the radius and ulna?

A

interosseous membrane

31
Q

Anterior compartment of the forearm

A
  • Fexors and pronators
  • 3 Sub groups; superficial, intermdiate and deep
32
Q

Posterior compartment of the forearm

A
  • Extendors and supinators
  • 3 sub groups: superficial, deep and radialis
33
Q

Moving hand away from wrist is called …

A

Extension

34
Q

Moving hand towards wrist is called…

A

flexion

35
Q

moving the wrist laterally is called…

A

radial deviation

36
Q

moving the wrist medially during adduction is called…

A

ulner deviation

Anatomy And Medical Imaging (10 decks)

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