Upper Extremity Osteology Flashcards
What is a greentick fracture?
Incomplete fracture of the clavicle
Pretty common because of direct and indirect injuries as result of falling
Where is the humerus most commonly fractured?
At the surgical neck
Greater tubercle also susceptible to avulsion by the supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor which insert there
What is the origin of the expression hitting your funny bone?
Groove for the Ulnar N. houses ulnar nerve, when compressed it is painful, this is on the humerus
How can avulsion of the medial humeral epicondyle happen?
Sever aBduction of the extended elbow which is an abnormal movement of this joint
Why is a fractured elbow (fracture of the olecranon) common?
Because of the forceful nature of the triceps brachii M.
Considered an avulsion fracture that is difficult to repair
What is a Colle’s fracture?
Fracture of the distal end of the radius (usually happens because you are breaking a fall)
Styloid process of ulna often also breaks
What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone? Why is it often misdiagnosed?
Scaphoid
The fracture is not visible on radiograph
Distal fragment of
bone susceptible to avascular necrosis because separated from blood supply usually
What is the carpal tunnel? What does it contain?
Passage of anterior to the carpal bones posterior of the flexor retinaculum
Tendon of Flexor digitorum profundus M.
Tendon of superficialis M.
Flexor Carpi Radiali T.
Median N.
swelling can cause median nerve to be compressed which produces parasthesia, anesthesia, and pain
What is the ulnar canal/ Guyon tunnel?
depression between the pisiform and hamulus of the hamate
ulnar nerve passes through and susceptible to compression
What is boxer’s fracture?
Fracture of the head of the 5th metacarpal
How are distal phalanges commonly fractured?
Slamming hands in a door
Because intricate relationship between the phalanges and flexor tendons bone fragments must be realigned carefully to maintain function
How does the Gelnoid Labrum commonly tear?
Repeat throwing of ball normally because of sudden contraction of the Biceps Brachii M.
Occurs in the anterosuperior part of the Labrum
