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MSK Test 1 ;-) > Back Myology > Flashcards

Back Myology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Trapezius? Is it intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T12, Ligamentum Nuchae, External Occipital Protuberance and medial 1/3 of
Superior Nuchal Line of Occipital B.

Insertion: Lateral 1/3 of the Clavicle, Acromion and Scapular Spine

Action:
Retraction, elevation, depression, and rotation of scapula
Extend neck and stabilize shoulder

iNnervation: Motor: Spinal Accessory N. (CN XI); Sensory: C3, 4

Extrinsic

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2
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Latissimus Dorsi? Is it intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

O: Spinous processes of T6-T12, Ribs 9-12, Iliac Crest and Spinous Processes of L1-5 and Median Sacral Crest via Thoracolumbar Fascia

I: Floor of the Humeral Intertubercular Groove

A: Extend, ADduct and Medially Rotate the Humerus, rotate the Glenoid Cavity inferiorly

N: Thoracodorsal N. (C6-8)

Extrinsic

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3
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Rhomboid Major? Is it intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

O: Spinous processes of T2-T5

I: Medial border of scapula (inferior to Scapular Spine)

A: Retract and Elevate scapula, Rotate the Glenoid Cavity inferiorly

N: Dorsal Scapular N. (C4, 5)

Extrinsic

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4
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Rhomboid Minor? Is it intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

O: Spinous processes of C7-T1, lower part of the Ligamentum Nuchae

I: Medial border of scapula (at scapular spine)

A: Retract and Elevate scapula, Rotate the Glenoid Cavity inferiorly

N: Dorsal Scapular N. (C4, 5)

Extrinsic

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5
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Levator Scapulae? Is it intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

O: Posterior Tubercles of Transverse processes C1-4

I: Medial border of scapula (superior to scapular spine)

A: Elevate scapula, Rotate the Glenoid Cavity inferiorly and when the Scapula is fixed Extend and Laterally Flex the Neck

N: C3, 4, Dorsal Scapular N. (C5)

Extrinsic

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6
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Serratus Posterior Superior? Is it intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

O: Nuchal L. and Spinous Processes C7-T3

I: Superior surfaces of Ribs 2-4

A: Elevate Ribs with forced inspiration (primarily proprioceptive)

N: Intercostal N. (2-5)

Extrinsic

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7
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Serratus Posterior Inferior? Is it intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

O: Spinous Processes T11-L2

I: Inferior surface of Ribs 8-12

A: Depress Ribs with forced expiration (primarily proprioceptive)

N: Anterior Rami T9-12

Extrinsic

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8
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Splenius Capitis? Is it intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

O: Lower 1/2 Nuchal L., Spinous Process C7-T3(4)

I: Mastoid process of Temporal B., lateral 1/3 Superior Nuchal Line of the Occipital B.

A: Extend the Neck when working bilaterally; Laterally Flex the Neck and Rotate Face toward when working unilaterally

N: Posterior Rami C3-5

intrinsic

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9
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Splenius Cervicis? Is it intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

O: Spinous processes T3-6

I: Transverse processes C1-3(4)

A: Extend the Neck when working bilaterally; Laterally Flex the Neck and Rotate Face toward when working unilaterally

N: Posterior Rami C5-7

Intrinsic

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10
Q

What muscles makes up the Erector Spinae group? What are their common actions and innervation?

A

Iliocostalis (lateral group), Longissimus (intermediate group), Spinalis (medial group)
- each group has 3 muscles in it

A: Maintain erect posture and extend the Vertebral Column and Head when working bilaterally; Laterally Flex the Vertebral Column
when working unilaterally

N: Segmentally innervated by Posterior Rami of Spinal nerves

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11
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Iliocostalis Lumborum?

A

O: Posteromedial Iliac Crest, Spinous Processes T11-L5, Median Sacral Crest, Lateral Sacral Crest, Sacrotuberous L. and Long Posterior Sacroiliac L.

I: Costal Angles of Ribs 6-12

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12
Q

What is the origin and insertion of IIliocostalis Thoracis?

A

O: Costal Angles of Ribs 6-12

I: Costal Angles of Ribs 1-6 and Transverse
Process C7

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13
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Iliocostalis Cervicis?

A

O: Costal Angles of Ribs 3-6

I: Posterior Tubercles of Transverse Processes C4-6

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14
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Longissimus Thoracis?

A

O: Common Origin with Iliocostalis Lumborum, Transverse and Accessory processes L1-5

I: Transverse Processes T1-L2, Ribs 3-12 between the Costal Tubercle and Costal Angle

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15
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Longissimus Cervicis?

A

O: Transverse processes T1-5

I: Posterior Tubercles of Transverse processes and Articular Processes of C2-6

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16
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and unique action of the Longissimus Capitis?

A

O: Transverse Processes T1-5, articular processes C4-7

I: Mastoid Process of the Temporal B.

A: Extend neck working bilaterally, laterally flex the Neck and rotate Face toward working unilaterally

17
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the spinalis muscles? Which ones are absent/blend with other muscles?

A

Spinalis Thoracis M. (often blends with Longissimus Thoracis M.)
O: Spinous Processes T11- L2
I: Spinous Processes T1-4

Spinalis Cervicis M. (usually absent)
O: Spinous Processes T1- 6
I: Spinous Processes C2 (3,4)

Spinalis Capitis M. (usually absent or blended with Semispinalis Capitis M.)

18
Q

What is a back sprain?

A

an injury to the ligamentous attachments between bone, usually the result of
inadequate stretching before activity

19
Q

What is a back strain?

A

excessive stretching and sometimes tearing
of muscle fibers produced by an overly strong muscular contraction. Muscle tissue will spasm, or involuntarily contract in response to injury and inflammation as a protective measure

20
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Semispinalis Thoracics?

A

O: Transverse processes T6-12

I: Spinous processes C6-T4

A: Extend Spine and Rotate Spine away

N: Posterior Rami

21
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Semispinalis Cervicis?

A

O: Transverse processes T1-6

I: Spinous processes C2-5

A: Extend Spine and Rotate Spine away

N: Posterior Rami

22
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Semispinalis Capitis?

A

O: Transverse processes C7-T6, articular processes C4-6

I: Between Superior and Inferior Nuchal Lines of the Occipital B.

A: Extent Head, Rotate Face away

N: Posterior Rami

23
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Multifidus?

A

O: Mamillary processes of Lumbar Vertebrae, Transverse Processes of Thoracic Vertebrae and Articular Processes of C4-7

I: Spinous processes three numeric segments superior, does not insert onto the Atlas

A: Extend Spine, Rotate the Spine away

N: Posterior Rami

24
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Rotatores Longus?

A

O: Transverse processes

I: Roots of Spinous processes 2 numeric segments superior

A: Extend Spine, Rotate the Spine away (primarily proprioceptive)

N: Posterior Rami

25
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Rotatores Brevis?

A

O: Transverse processes

I: Roots of Spinous processes 1 numeric segments superior

A: Extend Spine, Rotate the Spine away (primarily proprioceptive)

N: Posterior Rami

26
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Interspinalis?

A

O: Spinous process

I: Adjacent Spinous process

A: Extend Spine

N: Posterior Rami

27
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Intertransversarii?

A

O: Transverse process

I: Adjacent transverse process

A: Laterally Flex spine

N: Posterior portion (Posterior Rami), Anterior portion (Anterior Rami)

28
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Levator Costarum Longus?

A

O: Transverse Processes C7-T11

I: 2nd rib inferior to origin

A: Elevate ribs

N: Posterior Rami

29
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Levator Costarum Brevis?

A

O: Transverse Processes C7-T11

I: Adjacent rib inferior to origin

A: Elevate ribs

N: Posterior Rami

30
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Rectus Capitis Posterior Major?

A

Medial border of suboccipital triangle
O: Spinous Process C2

I: Lateral portion Inferior Nuchal Line

A: Extend Head, Rotate Face toward

N: Suboccipital N

31
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor?

A

O: Posterior tubercle C1

I: Below Inferior Nuchal Line

A: Extend Head

N: Suboccipital N.

32
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Obliquus Capitis Inferior?

A

Inferior border Suboccipital Triangle
O: Spinous Process C2

I: Transverse process C1

A: Rotate the Face toward

N: Suboccipital N

33
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the Obliquus Capitis Superior?

A

Lateral border of Suboccipital Traingle
O: Transverse process C1

I: Between Superior and Inferior Nuchal Lines

A: Extend and Laterally Flex Head

N: Suboccipital N.

34
Q

What are the boundaries and contents of the suboccipital triangle?

A

Boundaries: Rectus Capitis Posterior Major M., Obliquus Capitis Inferior M. and Obliquus Captits Superior M.

Contents: the Vertebral A. traveling though the floor of the triangle and the Suboccipital N., which if the posterior ramus of the 1st Cervical Spinal N. and innervates the musculature of the Suboccipital Region

35
Q

What are the six muscle groups of the back? What are their functions?

A

Layer 1 (extrinsic):

  • Trapezius
  • Latissimus Dorsi

Layer 2 (extrinsic):

  • Rhomboid Major and Minor
  • Levator Scapulae
Layer 3 (extrinsic): 
- Serratus Posterior Superior and Inferior 
Layer 4 (intrinsic): 
- Splenius Capitis and Cervicis

Layer 5 (Intrinsic; largest layer) Erector Spinae Group:

  • Iliocostalis Lumborum, Thoracis, and Cervicis = lateral group
  • Longissimus Thoracis, Cervicis, and Capitis= intermediate group
  • Spinalis Thoracis, Cervicis, and Capitis= medial group
Layer 6 (Intrinsic) Transversospinalis Group: 
- Semispinalis Thoracis, Cervicis, and Capitis= extending 5 or more spinal segments 
- Multifidus= extending 3 or 4 Spinal segments; best
developed in Lumbar region
- Rotatores Longus= extending 2 spinal segments
- Rotatores Brevis= extending to adjacent spinal segment

MSK Test 1 ;-) (14 decks)

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